红色月季花瓣平面干燥保色技术与机理研究

  以红色切花月季品种‘萨蔓莎’花瓣为试材, 通过分析花瓣在干燥过程中花色变化的内在因素和外界因素, 制定了7 种花色保色剂, 并按不同浓度、不同处理时间分别对花瓣进行处理, 得到9 种与鲜花颜色相近的干燥花瓣。经过6 个月的自然日光照射试验, 筛选出最佳保色剂及其处理方法。保色前后的花瓣色素分析结果表明, 花瓣内主要色素为花青素( 3、5、7- 三羟基- 二苯基苯吡喃) 和八氢番茄红素, 其中的花青素与保色剂中的镁盐作用生成花色甙及其甙元等较稳定的红色物质, 使红色月季花瓣在干燥后保持鲜花颜色并长久不褪色。

Technology and Its Mechanism of Color Keeping in Red Rose Petals during the Processing of Dry Pressed Flowers

7 kinds of color protected solut ion for red petals of cut rose ‘Samantha’were made up based on internal and external factors which influence changes of the petal color during pressing and drying of the petals. Thetreatments of the solution were performed with painting of different concentration and with soaking of different time. The results of color protection that very closed to the fresh petals (K₄₀M₁₀₀Y₅₅) were obtained in 9 treatments from 80 treatment combinations, which are A1 0. 5 h soaking, A1-2 painting with 1/ 2 diluted solution, A1-2 painting with 1/ 4 diluted solut ion, A2-6 36 h soaking, A2-6 6 h soaking, A2-6 12 h soaking, A2-9 32 h soaking, A2-9 48 h soaking, and A2-9 56 h soaking. The best result of the color protection was gained in the treatment of A2-9 48 h soaking among the 9 treatments above after 6 months of natural sunshine. The results of pigment analysis showed that there are mainly cyanidin ( 3, 5, 7-trihydro-diphenylpyrane) and 8􀀁hydrolycopene in the petals. The possible mechanism of protect ing permanently the red color after drying of the rose petals is suggested that cyanidin might react with magnesium salt of the color protection solution, producing stable substances such as cyanin and its aglycon.