茄子细胞工程技术应用研究进展

茄子是世界上最重要的蔬菜作物之一，传统育种技术可以改良茄子群体不良性状如植株倒伏、果实畸形、不耐储运、萼片和叶片带刺等，但是耗时较长、效果不佳，同时存在杂交障碍以及优异种质资源匮乏等问题。开展茄子细胞工程技术研究，是切实解决茄子生产中的突出问题如抗性品种缺乏、病虫害严重的有效途径。国内外关于茄子细胞工程育种技术的研究集中在细胞学分析、组织培养和基因工程3个方面，此外，茄子重要性状相关基因的克隆、茄子种间和种内的遗传进化关系研究与应用、茄子雄配子的启动机理和高频率诱导机制、高效的茄子受体再生途径和稳定的遗传转化体系、茄子基因编辑技术等的研究，也是未来茄子细胞工程技术研究、种质创制和品种改良的突破口。

Advances on cell engineering technology application in eggplant

Eggplant is one of the most important vegetable crops in the world. The traditional breeding technology can improve the adverse traits of eggplant population, such as plant lodging, fruit deformity, intolerance to storage and transportation, sepals and leaves with thorns, but it takes a long time and the effect is poor, moreover, there are some problems, such as hybridization obstacles and lack of superior heterogeneous resources. The research on eggplant cell engineering technology is an effective way to solve the prominent problems in eggplant production, such as lack of resistant varieties and serious diseases and insect pests. The research on cell engineering technology in eggplant at home and abroad focuses on cytological analysis, tissue culture and genetic engineering. In addition, the clone of genes related to important traits of eggplant, the research and application of inter-specific and intra-specific genetic evolution relationship of eggplant, the initiation mechanism and high-frequency induction mechanism of eggplant male gametes, efficient regeneration pathway of eggplant receptor, stable genetic transformation system and eggplant gene editing technology are the breakthrough of cell engineering technology research, germplasm creation and variety improvement in the future.