双峰驼躯干骨解剖

双峰驼躯干骨的特征如下:寰椎的背腹侧嵴都不明显,有外侧孔、翼孔、横突孔;枢椎较长;第3,4和5颈椎的横突前支比后支长;第6颈椎有不太典型的横突中支;第7颈椎横突不分支。胸椎12枚,第3,4和5胸椎背侧棘突最高;肋骨12对,宽,粗糙。腰椎7枚。荐骨由5枚荐椎愈合而成,荐骨岬较明显。尾椎20枚左右。胸骨由7枚胸骨节构成,其腹侧面平坦。胸廓呈截顶弹头形,胸前口呈倒立的等腰三角形,胸后口极其阔大。

Study on the Dissection of Skeletons of the Trunk in Bactrian Camel

The characteristics of the skeletons of the trunk in bactrian camel are the following. The dorsal and ventral cristals of the atlas are not obvious. There are the alar foramen (For, alare), the lateral vertebral foramen (For. vertebrale laterale) and the transverse foramen (For. transversarium) in the atlas. The cranial branches of the transverse process of the cervical vertebrae 3～5 are longer than the caudal branches. There is not very distinct intermediate branches of the transverse process on the cervical vertebra 6. The cervical vertebra 7 is not branched. There are 12 thoracic vertebrae (Vertebrae thoracicae), of which the dorsal spinal process (Proc. spinosus dorsalis) in T3～6 are the highest. The 12 pairs of the ribs (costae) are wide and rough. The lumbar vertebrae (Vertebrae lumbales) are 7 badges. The sacrum (Os sacrum) is formed by the fusion of 5 sacral vertebrae, of which the promontorium is fairly prominent. There are about 20 caudal vertebrae (vertebrae caudalis). The sternum is made up of 7 sternebrae, its ventral surface is somewhat smooth. The thorax is like the form of apex-cut-buttlet, its cranial thoracic aperture (apertura thoracic cranialis) is like a inverted isosceles triangle, its caudal thoracic aperture (apertura thoracis caudalis) is very wide and long.