| Abstract: | Summary The radish traces back toRaphanus maritimus, it was cultivated already in Mesopotamia which procured the original plant very probably from Syria. The small radish on the contrary is derived fromRaphanus landra and was cultivated firstly in Italy during the late Middle Ages. The derivation of the taxa ofRaphanus sativus L. fromRaphanus raphanistrum is entirely untenable because of the considerable differences in the structure of the fruits. The bad separability of the fruit links of the radish and of the small radish is no character of cultivated plants but is already present in the wild speciesRaphanus maritimus andRaphanus landra. With respect to the various differences between them, radish and small radish are not derivable from one wild species ofRaphanus only. A derivation of the radish from the crossingRaphanus maritimus ×rostratus is untenable too because of the separate geographical distribution of the parents. With the radish cultivated in Babylonia since very ancient times are connected closely in respect to descent and history of culture:Raphanus caudatus, originated in tropical Punjab, the forms ofRaphanus raphanistroides in Northern China and the oil radish in Egypt.The manner in which the small radish and a few forms of radish spread over the European civilized countries reflects a diminutive fragment of the evolution of modern European culture.
   m    ¶rt;  u          Raphanus maritimus;       ,  , ,  .   R. landra   , .  R. sativus L. R. raphanistrum ,    .   , R. maritimus R. landra. , Raphanus. R. maritimus ×R. rostratus ¶rt;  , .,  , , , :R. caudatus, , R. raphanistroides .  , , .
Dem Gedenken an Otto Eugen Schulz, geb. am 31. Oktober 1874 in Berlin, gest. am 17. Februar 1936 in Berlin-Steglitz, gewidmet. |
