印度梨形孢真菌促进芝麻生长并提高芝麻抗旱性

将印度梨形孢（Piriformospora indica，Pi）真菌接种芝麻幼苗根部，分别在大田及温室条件下研究供试真菌对芝麻生长和抗旱性的效应。大田试验主要调查产量性状，温室试验在芝麻初花期进行15d的持续干旱处理，测定株高等形态性状、过氧化氢酶活性等生理指标。结果表明，接种及未接种Pi真菌的芝麻植株在干旱处理前后叶长、叶宽差异达到极显著水平，株高、全展叶片数、基部茎粗、叶绿素含量、根颈粗差异达到显著水平；在人工干旱胁迫条件下，接种Pi真菌后芝麻植株能维持较高的过氧化氢酶（CAT）活性和较高含量的脯氨酸（Pro），降低丙二醛（MDA）含量，从而减轻干旱胁迫伤害。在千粒重及单株籽粒重两个产量性状上，大田和温室接种的芝麻与未接种的差异均达到显著水平。接种Pi真菌不仅能促进芝麻的生长，而且在干旱条件下，使得芝麻表现出较强的抗旱性，显著提高芝麻产量。

Endophytic fungus Piriformospora indica promotes growth and confers drought tolerance in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.)

Sesame roots were inoculated with Piriformospora indica (Pi) fungus at seedling stage, to study the effects of Pi fungus on the growth promotion and drought resistance in sesame under field and greenhouse conditions. Yield traits of sesame were investigated under field condition, and morphological traits and physiological characteristics of sesame were also evaluated in greenhouse after drought treatment at the primary flowering stage. The results showed that the difference of leaf length, leaf width, plant height were highly significant (P < 0.01); and the number of expanded leaves, basal stem diameter, chlorophyll concentration, and root collar diameter of sesame plants were significant (P < 0.05) between the inoculated group and uninoculated group with Pi fungus, both before and after drought treatment. Under the condition of artificial drought, sesame plants that inoculated Pi fungus, comparing to the uninoculated sesame, could maintain higher activity of catalase (CAT), higher content of proline (Pro), but lower content of malondialdehyde (MDA), which would preserve osmotic balance in sesame and alleviate the damage of drought stress. For two yield traits of grain weight and grain weight per plant, the differences between the treatment of inoculated and uninoculated were significant (P < 0.05), both under the condition of field and greenhouse. Thus, vaccination of Pi fungus could not only promote the growth of sesame seedlings, but also boost drought resistance, and further significantly improve the yield of sesame.