添加无机养分对高温堆肥化的影响

为了探讨堆肥过程中添加无机成分制作有机无机复合肥的可行性,利用有效容积为100 L的堆肥反应器,以鸡粪为主要堆肥原料,研究了添加化肥(尿素、过磷酸钙、硫酸钾)对堆肥过程主要指标的影响。结果表明,添加了无机成分的处理温度升高较快,高温期持续时间长,堆体温度下降较慢,含水量明显高于对照,堆肥结束时的含氮量为17.21 g kg-1,比对照高出1.66 g kg-1;有效磷的含量随时间而增加,由0.48 g kg-1升高到2.19 g kg-1;总的活菌数量与对照相比差异显著。根据有机肥国家标准NY525-2002的规定以及堆肥的各项指标测定结果得出,化学肥料的添加不影响堆肥质量,并且能显著提高堆肥的总养分,但是对堆肥内源微生物活性存在一定影响。

Effect of Adding Inorganic Nutrition on High-temperature Compost

In order to study the feasibility of producing organic-inorganic compound fertilizers by adding inorganic components in the process of composting,the composting with chicken manure as main material with the addition of inorganic components(Urea,Phosphate,and Potassium sulfate) was carried out in a 100 L reactor to study the effect of the fertilizer on the main indexes in the process of composting.The results showed that adding inorganic components could enhance the duration time of high temperature,reduce the time of reaching environmental temperature,and increase the moisture content.At the end of the process of composting,the nitrogen content was 17.21 g kg-1 which was 1.66 g kg-1 higher than the control,the available phosphorus content that was increased from 0.48 g kg-1 to 2.19 g kg-1,and the quantity of the total living bacterium was significantly different from the control.According to the fertilizer standard NY525-2002 and the determination of the composting indicators,adding inorganic components had no influence on the decomposition of the fertilizers,and could increase the total nutrient content of the fertilizers.But it could restrain the activity of the endogenous bacterium,increase the temperature and cause water loss,which had adverse effect on the quality of the fertilizers.