应用酶联免疫吸附试验检测鸭瘟病毒的实验研究

用酶联免疫吸附试验检测77例雏鸭,30例成年鸭人工感染鸭瘟病毒后病料中的抗原,能在临床症状出现之前从肝脏、脾脏、粪便和血液中检出病毒,达到早期诊断的目的。用本法检测了鸭瘟病毒在四种病科中的出现情况,找出了临床采样检测的最佳部位和时间。该方法具有特异性(不与NDV毒株,DPV弱毒株及巴氏杆菌发生交叉反应)、敏感性(雏鸭最高检出率可达94.6％,成年鸭最高检出率可达100％)可行性(样品易保存、结果易观察、试剂设备简单)、快速性(一天能得出结果)。可用于现场诊断及检疫。比目前常用于诊断鸭瘟的方法更具有实用和推广价值。

AN EXPERIMETAL RESEARCH FOR THE DETECTION OF DPV BY MEANS OF ELISA

Enzyme—linked immunosorbent assay ( ELISA ) was first adapted for detecting the DPV antigen in the liver, spleen, faeces and serum of experimentally infected ducks. This study revealed the optimal conditions to carry out ELISA and the specificity of sorological reactions and its sensitivity were improved. The assay adapted in this research was able to find out the viral antigens in experimentally infected ducks before the appearance of symptoms. The high specificity of the assay was indicated by the absence of cross—reaction with egg—propagated NDV strains, pasteurell—infected ducks and DPV vaccinated dueks. The highest detection rate in ducklings was 94.6％, and in adult ducks, 100％, The sensitivity, specificity, rapidity and correctness of this assay might be a choice for dctecting early cases of duck plague.