水稻穗结构的定量特征与虚拟表达的初步研究

连续观察了不同品种和不同氮肥处理条件下水稻穗结构，并对其进行了定量分析及参数化处理。结果表明，一次枝梗长与穗长之比随穗轴节位呈两次函数变化，不同品种类型之间的参数变异较大；一次枝梗上的二次枝梗数与一次枝梗长度呈线性变化；一次枝梗基本均匀着生于穗轴上，一次枝梗和二次枝梗的节间距离变化不大。进一步利用水稻生长模型输出的穗粒数和一次枝梗数分析了二次枝梗的空间分布。最后结合上述结构特征，进行了水稻穗结构的计算机模拟。

Quantitative Analysis and Primary Simulation on Rice Panicle Structure

Visual simulation on crop architecture can help to better understand crop growth processes and analyze the relationship between architecture and function.Panicle of rice is the critical organ for yield formation.Its architecture depends deeply on ecological environment and cultivation methods,and most crop growth models on rice can simulate the effects of ecological environment and cultivation methods on yield components,such as panicle number,grain number per panicle,seed-setting percentage,1000-grain weight,and number of primary branch.Therefore,combination with the outputs of crop growth model,developing architecture model will improve its applicability.On the field experiments with different cultivars and nitrogen applications,we analyzed the quantitative characteristics of panicle architecture in rice.The results were as follows:The ratio of primary branch to panicle in length could be characterized by a quadratic equation expressed in terms of nodal number of branch on panicle axis;these was a linear relationship between the number of secondary branch and the length of primary branch;the primary branch grew uniformly on panicle axis and the nodal distances of primary and secondary branch also had no significant difference.Furthermore,based on the stability of spikelet number of primary branch and secondary branch,the outputs of growth model,such as grain number per panicle and the number of primary branch,were used to analyze total number of secondary branch per panicle and its space distribution.Thus panicle architecture could be described clearly.Then the model of total number of secondary branch per panicle and panicle architecture were validated with independent data.The results indicate that the simulated values of total number of secondary branch per panicle are accordant with the observed values,and the simulated panicle architectures are similar with the observed.Panicle architecture can be simulated visually under different conditions.