青海云杉半同胞家系苗期遗传变异及选择

以引种的51个青海云杉自由授粉子代为研究对象,对3年生实生苗的苗高、地径、新稍长、分枝角度、侧枝数、侧枝长、侧根数、侧根长、主根长、径根比、高径比和质量指标12个生长性状进行测定,并对家系间生长性状变异和苗期选择进行了分析。结果表明:青海云杉的苗高等12个生长性状家系间存在显著或极显著差异,遗均在0.80以上,相关系数在0.50以上,径根比与生长指标均呈负相关。利用苗高为主要参考指标,按照1倍标准差选择出的311#、312#4、05#1、09#、408#、410#3、05#3、06#8个优良家系各性状值高于51个家系的平均值。

Genetic Variation and Selection of Half-sib Families of Qinghai Spruce at Seedling Stage

A total of 51 open-pollinated progenies of introduced Qinghai spruce were used as research objects.Eleven growth traits of three-year-old spruce seedlings were determined,and inter-family variation in growth traits and seedling selection were analyzed.Results showed that there were significant or very significant differences in seedling height,trunk diameter at ground level,shoot length,branching angle,number of lateral branches,lateral branch length,number of lateral roots,lateral root length,main root length,shoot to root ratio,height-diameter ratio,and quality index among 10 families of Qinghai spruce,and the genetic variation coefficients were all higher(over 11.5%).The family heritabilities of main growth indexes such as plant height,trunk diameter at ground level,shoot length,number of lateral branches,and lateral branch length were all over 0.80,and the correlation coefficients were over 0.50.The shoot to root ratio was negatively correlated with the growth indexes.Eight superior families were selected within one standard deviation using seedling height as the main reference index,and all the growth traits of the superior families were higher than the average of 51 families.