陆地棉无色素腺体遗传资源棉子蛋白和棉酚含量研究

对２２０个国内外不同来源的陆地棉无色素腺体品种（系）种子粗蛋白、可溶性蛋白和棉酚含量的研究表明，三个性状的总体平均值分别为４１．４６％、１１．８２％和０．０１７４％。该遗传资源群体具有蛋白质含量较高但变异程度较小、绝大多数品种棉酚含量符合国际卫生标准（＜０．０４％）且变异程度很大的特点，４０％的品种其粗蛋白含量在４２％以上，棉酚含量在０．０４％和０．０２％以下的品种分别占９１．８７％和７５．４５％。国内育成品种的粗蛋白含量显著高于国外引进品种，春播品种显著高于夏播品种；而可溶性蛋白和棉酚含量在这些品种类和相互之间无显著差异。中无１０９８、浙棉９号、冀棉１９号、绵阳４１７６等１６个品种被鉴定筛选为粗蛋白含量较高（＞４５％）的种质材料。

Analysis of Protein and Gossypol Contents of Upland GlandlessCottons

The studies were conducted on the protein and gossypol contents of 220 uplandglandless cottons.The means of the crude protein,soluble protein and gossypol contents of thepopulation were 41.46%,11.82%and 0.0174%,respectively.The characteristics of this ge-netic resources were of higher protein content with lower variability and lower gossypol(<0.04%)for most entries.Considerable variability was found in gossypol content.of 220cottons,each of forty percent of entries had the protein content above 42%.The entries withthe gossypol contents below.04% or 0.02% accounting for 91.81% or 75.45% of the totalnumber of cottons.There was a signficant difference between Chinese entries and foreign cot-tons in crude protein content.Also,the difference between the groups of full season cottonand of short-season cotton was significant.However,for either kind of entry pair,no statis-tically significant differences were detected between groups in soluble protein or gossypol.Six-teen cottons with higher protein content(>45%)such as Zhongwu 1098,Zhemian 9, Jimian19 and Mianyang 4176 were selected and commended to be used in future breeding efforts.