防虫网对设施蔬菜害虫控害作用研究

防虫网覆网栽培对减少设施蔬菜害虫为害，降低农药用量以及提高蔬菜品级和产量具有重要意义。本文研究了不同网目和颜色的防虫网覆网栽培的控害作用及其对蔬菜病毒病发生、蔬菜产量和品级的影响，并分析了防虫网覆网的经济、生态和社会等三大效益。结果表明，以50目银灰色防虫网覆网栽培，可100%阻隔杜绝菜粉蝶、小菜蛾等鳞翅目害虫和有效控制温室白粉虱、萝卜蚜等微小害虫为害，其平均控害作用为85.7%，控害作用强弱依次为化防>防虫网覆网防治>生防≥黄板诱杀>农业防治>对照；并且也可有效地抑制蔬菜病毒病发生，提高蔬菜产量和品级；其经济效益、生态效益和社会效益均十分显著。因此，防虫网覆网是一种保障设施蔬菜产业发展的重要“绿色防控”技术，具有良好的开发、应用和推广前景。

Control effects of fly nets to the pests of vegetables in greenhouses

Fly nets had important significance in that they can obstruct pests effectively, reduce pesticide consumption and improve the quality and yield of vegetables in greenhouses. The control effects of different meshes and colors of fly nets to pests, and its influences on virus disease occurrence, and vegetable yield and quality were studied. Their benefits of economy, ecology and sociology were also analyzed. The results indicated that the large pests, such as Pieris rapae, Plutella xylostella, etc., were absolutely hindered, and the tiny pests, such as Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Lipaphis erysimi, etc., were effectively controlled with mesh 50 silver fly nets. The average control effect of fly nets to tiny pests was 85.7%, and the order of control effects of fly nets was as followed: chemical control, fly net control, bio control, yellow trapping, and agricultural control. Moreover, the virus diseases could be inhibited effectively; vegetable quality and yield could be improved by fly nets. Their benefits of economy, ecology and sociology were very significant. Fly net was a kind of important and harmless preventive measure for industrial development of vegetables in greenhouses, and it had good prospects for further development and application.