薄荷叶两种腺毛的发育解剖学研究

应用扫描电镜及薄切片技术研究薄荷叶的盾状腺毛和头状腺毛的形态发育过程。结果表明，它们的腺毛原始细胞均来源于原表皮，都经二次平周分裂形成1个基细胞、1个柄细胞和1个顶细胞，两者的发生和早期发育相同。以后的发育过程中，由于有的腺毛的柄细胞迅速分化，其顶细胞不再分裂，从而形成单个分泌细胞构成头部的头状腺毛；有的腺毛的柄细胞保持分生组织状态，其顶细胞继续进行多次垂周分裂，从而形成由8个或16个横向扩展的分泌细胞构成头部的盾状腺毛。在腺毛分泌期，盾状腺毛分泌细胞的外壁出现明显的角质层下间隙，其中充满挥发油，而头状腺毛无明显的角质层下间隙。因此。薄荷腺毛发育中丙细胞分化状态决定其腺毛的类型和功能。

A STUDY ON DEVELOPMENTAL ANATOMY OF TWO KINDS OF GLANDULAR HAIRS ON THE LEAVES OF MENTHA HAPLOCALYX BRIG

The morphology and development of capitate and peltate glandular hairs on the leaves of Mentha haplocalyx Brig were studied with the help of thin section and a scanning electron microscope The results were as follows;The initial cells,which originated from the protodermal cells,created a basal cell,a stalk cell and an apical cell through two successive periclinal divisions The origination and early development of both types of glandular hairs were similar During the late development,the apical cell did not divide and therefore the capitate glandular hair with one secretory cell formed if the stalk cell rapidly enlarged longitudinally If the stalk cell kept meristematic,the apical cell would continue to divide anticlinally up to form 8 or 16 secretory cells of peltate glandular hairs Upon the secretory stage of glandular hairs,a large amount of essential oil accumulated between the cuticular layer and the wall layers below it However,the subcuticular space was not observed in the head of capitate glandular hairs Therefore,the type and function of glandular hairs were affected by the differentiation degree of the stalk cell during the development of glandular hairs