世界生物多样性面临危机及其保护的重要性

生物多样性问题已被联合国确认为全球4大环境问题之一,受到国际社会的高度重视。文章介绍了世界物种概况,生物多样性概念和内涵,物种多样性保护的重点与野生物种的价值;指出了全球生物物种所面临的危机,阐述了森林锐减与物种消失的关系以及保护生物多样性的重要性。

Crisis to the Biological Diversity in the World and the Significance of its Protection

Biological diversity is confirmed by UN as one of the four environment problems in the world,to which great importance is attached by the international community.The biological diversity includes species diversity,ecosystem diversity and genetic gene diversity.But on the basis of its inclusion,extension and differentiation,the biosphere diversity and that of biogeographic landscape should also be included.The author dwells on the conceptionof biological diversity,priorities set on protection of biological diversity and the value of wildlife.He points out the dangers the species over the world are facing.Tropical forest is the most valuable resource on earth and 40% of specids in the world total are preserved in the forests.Unfortunately,from 1980 to 1990,the annual cutting of forest reached 16.8 million m³,and about half of the tropical rain forests in the world was devastated.Half or one thirds of the forests remaining in 1990s tends to be destroyed.In 2000,two fifths ofthe existent forests in the developing countries will disappear from earth.Thousands of species become endangered ones with the drastic reduction of rain forests.The drastic decrease of forest and disappearance of species are two interrelated serious environment problems.Humanity as one of species on earth must lay down an ideal effective law for specie sprotection and have the strategy of protection and sustained utilization of species diversity tobe included in the plan,program and policy of concerned subsectors.