基于中分辨率遥感影像土地利用类型信息提取及动态1）

为了监测与评估荒漠绿洲地带的土地利用／土地覆盖信息及其动态变化，进而分析生态环境变化等影响因素。以新疆自治区喀什地区为研究区域，采用1990年、2000年、2011年3期Landsat TM 和ETM＋遥感影像数据，应用最大似然法提取土地利用类型信息及对土地利用类型信息动态变化进行分析。结果表明：研究区1990年、2000年、2011年3期分类精度分别为90．62％、86．38％、93．85％；Kappa系数分别为0．92、0．87、0．84。研究区土地利用类型独特，未利用地面积占研究区总面积的70％，而且3个时期所占比例变化不大。1990—2011年，研究区耕地面积比例增长了5．00％、林地下降了3．44％、草地下降了1．62％，其他地类面积变化不明显；土地利用程度变化量为3．53，土地利用程度变化率为2．39％。

Information Extraction and Dy namic Changes of Land-use Types by Medium-resolution Images

The experiment was conducted to monitor and evaluate the land use types of information and its dynamic change in the desert oasis , and then to analyze the impact factors of the ecological environment changes .The maximum likelihood method using the Landsat TM and ETM+images in 1990, 2000 and 2011 was used to study the land-use types of information and dynamic changes in Kashgar Prefecture of Xinjiang Autonomous Region .The classification accuracy of the study area in 1990, 2000, and 2011 were 86.38%90.62%and 93.85%, respectively, and the Kappa coefficients were 0.92, 0.87, and 0.84, respectively.The accuracy of classification was higher , and the results were reliable.The land-use types in the study area are very unique , the proportion of unused land area is close to 70%, and the change of the proportion is little in the three periods.The proportion of cultivated land in the study area was increased by 5%, the forest land was decreased by 3. 44%, and the grassland was decreased by1.62%, and the other land use change was not obvious in 1991-2011.The land use change was 3.53, and the rate of land use change was 2.39%in 1990-2011 .