西门莲的生育特性及其提高产量的技术

西门莲是福建莲子中产量和品质较优的品种,它可能是白莲与红莲自然杂交的一个杂种,生育期180～190天。地下主、侧茎均能开花结实,以主茎开花结实较多。叶片分浮叶和立叶,立叶直径达70～80厘米时,产量最高。花为单生两性花,开花时经“三开两合”,属雌蕊先熟型的自花异交授粉。受精子房发育成坚果,历期28天左右。根据西门莲生育特性,可通过选好莲田种好绿肥、促控莲叶多结莲子、加强授粉提高结实率、控制侧茎争取主茎多结实等技术来提高产量。

INVESTIGATION ON THE GROWTH AND DEVELOPMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF WEST GATE LOTUS AND THE TECHNIQUE OF INCREASING YIELD

Among the Jianning lotus, West Gate cultivar is con sidered as better in yield and quality. It is a hybrid naturally crossed by white lotus with red lotus. The life period is 180-190 days. All the underground stems bloom and bear fruits, but the main underground stems are more prolific than the branching underground stems. There are two kinds of leaves, namely, floating and erect stanoing leaves. When the erect standing leaf reaches a diameter of 70-80 cm, the lotus attain the highest yield. Flowers ate hermaphroditic and appear in single. The flower opens threo times and closes two times. The pistil is protogynous and cross-pollinated. After pollination, the fertilized ovary developed into nut with about twenty-eight days. According to the growth and developmental characteristics of west gato lotus, we suggest the following measures to increase the yield. Firstly, select good lotus field and grow green manure plants. Secondly, regulate and promote the vegetative growth of the leaves in order to give more photosynthates to the nuts. Thirdly, insure good pollination to increase fruiting rates. Fourthly, inhibit branching of the stem so as to give more food to the mainstem thus the main stem bears more nuts.