昆虫鱼尼丁受体及以其为靶标的杀虫剂的研究进展

植物保护领域以昆虫鱼尼丁受体(ryanodine receptor,RyR)为靶标的杀虫剂的研发取得了突破性进展。对近年来RyR在分子结构、功能调节,以及对以RyR为靶标的杀虫剂的作用机制方面的研究进展进行了综述。昆虫RyR与哺乳动物RyR仅有约47%的同源性,因而是一个有效的杀虫剂靶标。昆虫RyR克隆与表达技术的成熟为新型杀虫剂的开发和作用机制的研究提供了有力的工具。昆虫RyR单通道、配体结合和免疫学特性的研究补充了RyR的电生理学数据。近年来开发的新型RyR杀虫剂通过激活害虫鱼尼丁敏感的细胞内钙离子释放通道来达到杀虫的效果。

Progress on Insect Ryanodine Receptor and InsecticidesTargeting at Ryanodine Receptor

Significant progress has been made in developing insecticides targeting at RyR recently.Insect RyR possesses characteristics of the species,which plays an important role in developing environment-friendly new pesticides.The progress of research on their structural,functional characteristics and novel mode of action were reviewed.Insect RyR shares only ~ 47 % homology with the mammalian isoforms of RyRs,which could serve as potential targets for the potent insecticides that interact specifically with the insect but not the mammalian.The clone and expression of entire cDNAs sequence encoding insect RyR could potentially provide the basis for the discovery of novel and more intrinsically selective insecticides.The research on the single channel,ryanodine binding and immunological characteristics of insect RyR supplement electrophysiological data of RyR.These novel insecticides have been found to exhibit their action by release of intracellular Ca²⁺ stores mediated by the ryanodine receptor.