麦后移栽棉高产栽培规律及其综合农艺措施研究

1983～1989年,采用小区试验和大田示范相结合的方法,对兴化市内不同农业区大麦后移栽棉花(下称麦后棉)适宜密度范围、生长发育动态与季节进程优化同步指标及其高产栽培配套技术进行了研究.结果表明:(1)兴化四个农业区地面高程、土质类型和潜在肥力有差异,亩产皮棉100kg左右的高产棉田的密度范围也不相同,但在适宜的密度范围内,不同密度均可达到亩总铃7.2万个左右的高产指标,密度与亩总铃数呈极显著的曲线相关,各农业区相关系数分别为:0.7981、0.8317、0.8554、0.8550,依回归方程推导,各农业区适宜密度极差为700株左右;(2)高产棉花定型株高最佳值为 105～110cm,其主茎生长的理想动态为:盛蕾前、盛蕾～开花、开花～盛铃、盛铃后株高增长量各占最终株高的1/4;(3)实现生育进程和季节进程优化同步的中心环节是“蕾-铃-絮”对应“三集中”;(4)高产栽培的技术体系是壮苗、早发、稳长、不早衰。

PRINCIPLES AND TECHNIQUES OF HIGH YIELDING CULTIVATION IN TRANSPLANTED COTTON FOLLOWING BARLEY

The suitable plant density, development trend and high yielding cultural techniques of transplanted cotton following barley were studied in four agricultural districts of Xinghua City during 1983 to 1989. The main results were as follows. Suitable plant density was different for cach district to gain maximum yield. The ideal cotton plant height was 105 to 110cm. The increase amount of plant height dur- ing prcbud stage, bud emergence to flowering stage, flowering to boll emergence stage and post boll stage should be one-fourth of final plant height respectively. The key to high yield was raising strong individuals, promoting the steady development of population, and preventing the plant from premature senescence.