种子萌发过程中呼吸代谢对环境变化的响应

呼吸作用是种子萌发过程中储藏物质分解、代谢不可或缺的途径和能量供给的主要来源,其变化直接影响种子的活力, 进而影响萌发后种子的生长.为系统了解种子萌发过程中, 呼吸代谢对外界环境变化所作出的响应及外界环境变化通过改变呼吸代谢影响种子萌发的内部机理, 本文从干旱、高温、低温、盐渍、紫外辐射增强、重金属与有机污染物及农药污染等环境因子的角度, 概述了近年来国内外相关研究成果, 内容涉及种子萌发时的抗氰呼吸、酶系统、膜系统、激素、内源物质的动员、萌发指数、遗传防护等内容, 总结了种子萌发时呼吸代谢对环境变化的响应机理、外界环境变化影响呼吸作用的途径和结果以及呼吸作用变化对种子萌发的影响, 并提出该领域研究的主流和发展方向, 以及应加强研究的5个方面内容.

Response of respiration during seed germination to environment

Respiration is necessary for catabolism of storage materials and energy supply in seed germination. It directly affects seed vitality, and furthermore, influences growth after germination. In order to understand the response of respiration metabolism to changes in external and internal environment during seed germination, the paper summarizes recent research findings on cyanide resistant respiration, enzymes, membrane system and hormones, use of material storage, germination activity, genetic protection, etc., and their relation to environmental factors of drought, heat-stress, cold-bite, salinity, UV, heavy metal, organic pollutant and pesticide. The response mechanism of respiration metabolism to post-germination external environment, the influence of external environment on respiration as well as the influence of respiration on seed germination are summarized. Finally, mainstream research, development and direction are proposed. It is pointed out that 5 aspects of this filed of study should be strengthened.