沙漠化草地的恢复与重建途径

在分析国内外草地沙漠化治理现状的基础上,研究1985-1998年沙化草地的自然恢复与人工恢复,结果表明:自然恢复属于进展演替类型,经历"沙生、一年生植物群落"、"根茎禾草杂类草群落"和"丛生禾草群落"三个演替阶段,最终向地带性植被类型发展;其植被物种组成,覆盖度、产草量均呈增加趋势,土壤有机质增加,表土结构变好;人工恢复的效果显著,播种抗旱、抗风沙型植物,可以快速建成植被覆盖地面,同时生产大量优质牧草,是我国沙化草原恢复重建的一条重要途径.

Measures of Restoring and Rebuilding Desertified Grassland

Based on the analysis of the quandary of grassland desertification in and outside of the country, authors of the paper have studied, from 1985 on, tracts of natural restored and cultivated desertified grassland in northern China. We learned that natural restoration of desertified grassland develops in three successive stages of first growing sand plants and annual plant communities, followed by the growth of rhizomous grasses and herb communities, and then bunchgrass communities. Eventually, on the restored grassland, zonal vegetation types grow, the grassland's species component , vegetation cover, and grass yield tend to expand, and its soil organic matter increases, and the surface soil structure is improved. Cultivating the desertified grassland is an efficient way to restore the degenerated land. By sowing and planting drought-resistant and sand-and-wind tolerant grass seeds and saplings, large tracts of vegetation covering land can be restored. Moreover, quality forage grass is produced. Cultivation of desertified grassland provides an assured way for the restoration of the devastated grassland.