水稻籽粒灌浆特性及品质对孕穗期

以3个不同直链淀粉含量的水稻品种为材料,研究了孕穗期弱光对水稻籽粒灌浆及稻米品质的影响,并用Richards方程拟合籽粒的灌浆过程。结果表明,孕穗期弱光处理后,籽粒终极生长量(A)有所降低,起始灌浆势(R0)、最大灌浆速率(Gmax)、平均灌浆速率(G)的变化则因品种而异;糙米率、精米率显著下降,整精米率、垩白率、直链淀粉及蛋白质含量的变化因品种而异;精米率、糙米率与籽粒A值呈显著或极显著正相关,直链淀粉含量、整精米率与籽粒的R0、Gmax、G呈显著或极显著负相关,垩白率与籽粒的G、R0、Gmax呈显著或极显著正相关。在弱光区,可以采用育种、栽培技术、化学控制等手段来改变与稻米品质密切相关的籽粒灌浆参数值,以减轻弱光胁迫对稻米品质的危害程度。

Response of Grain-filling Properties and Quality in Rice to Weak Light during Initial Period of Young Spike

With high,middle and low amylose content rice cultivars as material,influence of weak light during the initial period of young spike on grain-filling and quality in rice was studied.Grain-filling course was simulated by Richards equation.The results showed that,compared with the control, the maximum growth amount of grain(A),brown rice rate and milled rice rate decreased,the change of initial grain-filling potential(R_0),maximum grain-filling rate(G_max),mean grain-filling rate(G),head milled rice rate,chalky grains rate,amylose and protein contents were different in the 3 varieties.Brown rice rate and milled rice rate were significantly and very significantly positively correlated with A.Amylose content and head rice rate were significantly and very significantly negatively correlated with R_0,G_max and G. Chalky grains rate was significantly and very significantly positively correlated with R_0,G_max and G.In order to release the damage of weak light to rice quality,measures for breeding,growth technology and chemical control could be taken to change the parameters of grain-filling closely correlated with rice quality in weak light districts.