梨果实相关性状QTL定位分析

以‘红茄梨’（Pyrus communis L.‘Red Clapp Favorite’）和‘晚秀梨’（P. pyrifolia Nakai‘Mansoo’）杂交F₁代中已结果的81株单株为试材，利用81株单株的SSR分型数据进行连锁分析，构建了包含187个SSR标记，分布在18个连锁群上的遗传连锁图谱。图谱总长964.82 cM，标记平均间距5.16 cM，与之前利用该群体165株单株为材料构建的双亲整合图谱比较，86.59%的标记在连锁群中的排列顺序一致。利用MapQTL5.0软件，对果实表型性状进行QTL定位和分析，最终检测到与果实单果质量、纵径和横径连锁的4个QTL位点，都位于LG11，离最近分子标记的遗传距离为1.00 ~ 2.00 cM。进一步对检测出的果实大小QTL位点距离最近的标记基因型与表型比对分析，发现其符合度在72.5% ~ 82.5%。

Mapping QTLs for Fruit Related Traits in Pear

The F₁ population composed by 81 fruited individuals from the crossing between‘Red Clapp Favorite’（Pyrus communis L.）and‘Mansoo’（P. pyrifolia Nakai）were used for genetic mapping. The linkage map consisted of 187 SSR markers distributed in 18 linkage groups was constructed. The map spanned 964.82 cM with an average distance of 5.16 cM between markers. Compared with the previously constructed map using 165 progenies，86.59% markers showed collinearity between maps. The QTLs of fruit traits were analyzed by MapQTL5.0 software. Four QTLs of 3 fruit traits（including fruit weight，vertical diameter and transverse diameter）were detected on LG11 with 1.00–2.00 cM to their nearest marker. Further validation between the nearest marker’s genotype and fruit traits’ phenotype showed that the coincidence rate was from 72.5% to 82.5%.