有机态和无机态硼对柑橘枳橙砧木生长及生理的影响

以柑橘枳橙[Citrus siinensis(L.)Osb.×Poncirus trifoliata(L.)Raf.]砧木为试验材料,采用水培方式,研究有机态山梨醇—硼和无机态硼酸对其生长及各种生理指标的影响。两种形态硼都能增加砧木幼苗各部位的干、鲜质量和株高;有机态山梨醇—硼对地下部生长的促进作用尤为明显。有机态山梨醇—硼比无机态硼酸更易于向叶片等地上部位转运,有机态山梨醇—硼处理根和茎中的硼含量与无机态硼酸处理没有显著差异,但叶片中的硼含量与硼积累量均显著高于无机态硼酸处理,叶片占总硼含量的比例也显著高于无机态硼酸处理。有机态山梨醇—硼处理各部位钾、钙、镁元素含量高于对照,而无机态硼酸处理各部位元素含量则比有机态山梨醇—硼处理高。缺硼易导致叶片中糖类物质的积累,有机态山梨醇—硼比无机态硼酸能更有效地促进叶片中多糖物质的转运,有机态山梨醇—硼处理可溶性糖含量比对照和无机态硼酸处理分别降低26.3%和11.8%,淀粉含量分别降低43.5%和26.1%。在提高枳橙砧木叶片抗逆能力方面,有机态山梨醇—硼效果优于无机态硼酸,两种硼类型处理叶片中脯氨酸和伤害率均显著低于对照,有机态山梨醇—硼和无机态硼酸分别降低了20.6%和19.6%,有机态山梨醇—硼和无机态硼酸处理伤害率降低了13.3%和16.5%,有机态山梨醇—硼处理叶片中丙二醛含量显著低于无机态硼酸处理19.4%。有机态硼对改善枳橙砧木根系的生长发育的作用效果优于无机态硼酸;能有效降低叶片中碳水化合物的含量,有利于光合作用产物顺利转移;而在减少叶片有害物质的积累、保护质膜方面,有机态与无机态硼有同样的效果。

Different influences of Organic and Inorganic Boron Fertilizers on Citrange Rootstock Growth and Physiology Characters

The research has compared the influences of different B fertilizers，sorbitol-boric acid（SB）and boric acid（BA），on citrange rootstock growth and physiology characteristics by means of solution culture. Both fertilizers increased the fresh weight，dry weight and plant height of various parts of the rootstock seedling，and SB played a prominent role in underground growth. The transfer of SB in blades or other parts of the ground was easier than BA. There was no significant difference between the B content of SB and BA in roots and stems，but B content and B accumulation in leaves were significantly higher than BA，and the total B content proportion was significantly higher than BA. Various parts of potassium，calcium and magnesium content in SB were higher than that in the control，while the content of element in different parts of BA was higher than SB. Boron deficiency can lead to carbohydrate accumulation in leaves，and SB was more effective than BA in promoting the transport of polysaccharide substance in leaves. The soluble sugar contents in SB treatment were decreased separately by 26.3% and 11.8% than in the control and BA treatment，and the starch content decreased by 43.5% and 26.1%. SB was better than BA in raising resistance ability. Two B fertilizers were significantly lower than the control in Pro and the damage rate of leaves，SB and BA treatments were decreased separately by 20.6% and 19.6% than the control，and the damage rate was decreased separately by 13.3% and 16.5%，MDA content of SB leaves significantly decreased by 19.4% than BA. SB was better than BA in improving the growth and development of root of trifoliate orange rootstock. Besides，SB can effectively reduce the content of carbohydrates in leaves，and help the transfer of photosynthetic products. However，SB and BA had the same effect on reducing the accumulation of harmful substances，protecting the plasma membrane of leaves.