四个小麦抗穗发芽分子抗性标记有效性的验证与评价

成熟期穗发芽是一种世界性灾害, 严重影响小麦品质和产量。本试验利用已报道的4个与穗发芽抗性相关的标记, 即STS标记MST101、STMS标记wmc104、QTL位点Xgwm155与Vp1B3, 结合穗发芽率分析,对95份中国小麦地方品种和历史品种的穗发芽抗性进行筛选, 旨在从中筛选出抗穗发芽品种, 并对这4个分子标记的有效性进行比较, 筛选出可用于种质资源筛选和分子标记辅助育种的高效分子标记。结果表明, Vp1B3和Xgwm155与穗发芽抗性相关, 而MST101和wmc104与穗发芽抗性无关。比较而言, Vp1B3更能有效地用于筛选穗发芽抗性品种, 但将Vp1B3和Xgwm155结合起来筛选抗穗发芽小麦品种, 会提高选择效率。

Evaluation and Validation of Four Molecular Markers Associated with Pre-Harvest Sprouting Tolerance in Chinese Wheats

Pre-harvest sprouting (PHS) of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) reduces the quality and economic value of the grain. Increasing PHS tolerance is one of the most important objectives in wheat breeding. In this study, three PHS tolerance- associated markers MST101, wmc104, and Xgwm155, as well as Vp1B3, which was developed in our previous study, were employed to evaluate 95 Chinese landraces and historical varieties, aimed at assessing the efficiency of these markers in selecting genotypes with higher PHS tolerance. Among the 95 genotypes tested, 57, 19, and 19 accessions had germination indexes (GI) less than 30%, 30%–60%, and over 60%, respectively. The relationships between the variation of the PCR products of the four markers and the germination indexes of the tested accessions were analyzed. Variations at Vp1B3 and Xgwm155 were associated with PHS resistance, but not the STS marker MST101 and STMS marker wmc104. Whereas Vp1B3 was more effective than Xgwm155 for selecting PHS resistant varieties, the selection efficiency would be greatly improved by use of both markers.