用模拟酸雨淋溶法研究红壤和红色石灰土的盐基迁移状况

用模拟酸雨对红壤和红色石灰土的原状土柱进行连续淋溶,探讨土壤盐基的淋溶强度、容量以及土壤pH和交换性盐基的变化规律。结果指出,酸雨对红色石灰土的盐基淋溶强度和容量大于红壤。交换性盐基的淋溶速率也有同样趋势;土层厚度的增加能大大降低酸雨对盐基的淋溶强度、容量和淋溶速度;红壤的pH对酸雨淋溶较敏感。而红色石灰土的交换性盐基对酸雨的反应较敏感。所以就土壤酸化速率而言,以土壤pH为指标时,则红壤大于红色石灰土;但以盐基淋失量为指标时则相反。

Base-translocation of Red Earth and Calcareous Red Earth by Means of Leaching with Simulated Acid Rain

In this paper, the intensity, the capacity of base leaching, the variation of pH and of the exchangable base in the cores of red earth and calcareous red earth are studied by means of leaching with smulated acid rain. The intensity and capacity ;of base leaching in calcareous red earth are greater than those in red earth under leaching of simulated acid rain and the leaching loss rate of soil exchangeable base have the same tend as above. The intensity, the capacity of soil leaching and the loss rate decrease with soil depth. The pH variation of red soil is susceptibe to leaching of simulated acid rain, but the base-ex-changeable of calcareous red earth is susceptible to the acid rain. Therefore, if pH is taken as the index, the acidification in red earth is greater than that in calcareous red earth; and as regards base loss amount, the soil acidification in red earth is smaller than that in calareous red earth.