玉米黑束病的初步研究

 1984年秋,甘肃省种植引进南斯拉夫玉米自交系母本773,穗期田间发生大面积枯死.病菌侵染玉米茎部维管束,致使植株叶片从上到下枯萎而死,病情发展迅速,造成严重为害.经调查发病率为66~98.9%.根据病原菌形态、培养性状和致病性试验,鉴定为直枝顶孢霉菌Acremonium strictum W.Gams (=CePhalas porium acremoninm Cda)侵染而引致的玉米黑束病,该病在我国引进玉米上大发生还是第一次.种子检验发现南斯拉夫玉米杂交组合的种子,均不同程度带有病原菌,带菌率为1.25~13%.经研究明确,南斯拉夫玉米自交系母本773对直枝顶孢霉菌高度感病,而当地品种中单二号和户单一号等表现抗病.田间大面积发病的菌源主要来自土壤.

THE BLACK BUNDLE DISEASE OF MAIZE

In 1984,a lot of maize seeds (inbred line ZPL 773) imported from Yugoslavia were planted in provinces Gansu and Xinjiang in China Serious wilts and light brown to black colored vascular bundle were observed through longitudinal section of stem during tasseling.The infection in field was 66-98.9% in Gansu.The pathogen was isolated from colored vascular bundles and identified as Acremonium stricium W.Gams (=Cephalosporium acremonium Corda.).