水稻微量元素含量的遗传研究进展

针对目前人们微量元素营养普遍缺乏的现状和今后功能性水稻育种的发展需求，在概述水稻微量元素含量的遗传差异、环境效应的基础上，着重介绍了水稻微量元素含量的遗传、遗传相关和分子机理的研究现状以及富集微量元素水稻种质鉴定、筛选与创新现状，并探讨了今后以提高水稻微量元素含量为目标的功能性水稻研究内容和方向。

Progress of Genetic Research on Trace Minerals Content in Rice Seed

Malnutrion of trace minerals has been one of most essential causes of harm to human health, resulting in egregious costs including lower learning and work efficiency, higher morbidity and healthcare costs, excessive utilization of social medical resources and national economic resources. Plant breeding strategy, especially mineral content grain breeding, is regarded as the most economical and sustainable approach to overcome mineral malnutrition. Available researches have demonstrated that enrichment traits of trace minerals in rice seed are available within the genome of rice and could be substantially increased in the levels of trace minerals without negatively impacting yield. Furthermore, yield of variety with high trace minerals content in rice seed was higher than general variety when sowed in soils with poor trace minerals. In this paper, current researches on the genetic difference and environment influence of rice trace minerals content, especially on the inheritance, genetic relationship and molecular mechanism of rice trace minerals content, and the identification, screening and prebreeding of rice germplasm with high trace minerals content were reviewed. Further functional rice research strategies and approaches for high trace minerals content were aimed to enhance the bioavailability of trace minerals in rice seed. The study emphasized the identification and screening of rice germplasm of high trace mineral content, conducting the molecular mechanism study of trace minerals enrichment, and actively prebreeding new rice germplasms with high trace minerals content.