“紫三七”生态适应和药效优越性的评价*

 评价了“紫三七”在生态适应和药效方面比普通“绿三七”所具备的优越性，并分析其原因。“紫三七”根状茎和绒根的紫色素属于花色苷类，花色苷在三七根状茎和绒根中的积累导致“紫三七”的形成。“文山三七”根状茎和绒根的紫色应是文山州特殊自然条件诱导三七产生的、利于三七生存的进化性状。花色苷的积累并不动摇或否定皂苷是三七最重要活性成分的地位；花色苷本身具备多种药理活性、对皂苷药理活性存在增效和补充作用及花色苷的形成、积累能提高三七总皂苷含量决定了“紫三七”的药效比普通“绿三七”的优越。本文可为三七育种中的早期定向选择提供重要依据，并更新人们关于三七活性成分和药效的传统观念，也将为三七的产品开发开辟一个新领域。

Evaluation on the Superiorities of the Ecological Adaptability and Pharmacodynamic Actions of "Purple Sanqi"

In this paper the superiorities of the ecological adaptability and pharmacodynamic actions of “Purple Sanqi” were evaluated and their reasons with respect to the common “Green Sanqi” were analyzed. The purple pigment of the rhizomes and roots of “Purple Sanqi” has been proved to belong to anthocyanins and the accumulation of anthocyanins in the rhrizomes and roots of Panax notoginseng just results in the formation of “Purple Sanqi”. The purple of the roots of “Wenshan Sanqi” should be an evolutionary character which was induced by the special natural conditions in Wenshan and facilitates the existence of Pnotoginseng. The accumulation of anthocyanins in the rhrizomes and roots of Pnotoginseng does not destabilize or deny the status that saponins are the most important active component of Sanqi. The facts that anthocyanins per se are provided with many kinds of pharmacological activities, anthocyanins have synergetic and supplementary effects to the pharmacological activities of saponins, and the formation and accumulation of anthocyanins in Pnotoginseng rhrizomes and roots can increase the content of P notoginseng Saponins (PNS) synthetically determine the superiorities of the pharmacodynamic actions of “Purple Sanqi” regarding the common “Green Sanqi”. This paper could provide an important basis for the early directional selection in the breeding of Pnotoginseng, renew the traditional ideas of people about the active components and pharmacodynamic actions of Sanqi, and also opens up a frontier for the products exploiting of Sanqi industry.