硒对铜胁迫酿酒葡萄幼苗生理特性的影响

[目的]探讨亚硒酸钠(Na2SeO3)对铜胁迫酿酒葡萄幼苗生理特性的影响,为揭示硒元素缓解酿酒葡萄幼苗铜胁迫作用提供参考依据.[方法]以宁夏贺兰山东麓酿酒葡萄产区淡灰钙土在温室中盆栽酿酒葡萄赤霞珠,分析添加外源硒(1.0mg/kg)对铜胁迫(300.0mg/kg)酿酒葡萄幼苗叶片光合色素含量、抗氧化酶[过氧化物酶(POD)、过氧化氢酶(CAT)和超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)]活性、丙二醛(MDA)和可溶性蛋白含量的影响.[结果]与对照(CK)相比,1.0mg/kg硒处理能提高酿酒葡萄幼苗叶片的叶绿素a(Chla)、叶绿素b(Chlb)和总叶绿素(Chla+b)含量及POD和CAT活性,降低MDA含量,但对SOD活性和可溶性蛋白含量无显著影响(P>0.05);300.0mg/kg铜胁迫可显著降低葡萄幼苗叶片的叶绿素(Chl)和可溶性蛋白含量(P<0.05,下同),提高Chla/b、抗氧化酶活性及MDA含量;1.0mg/kg硒+300.0mg/kg铜处理的葡萄幼苗叶片Chl和可溶性蛋白含量与CK相当,但均高于300.0mg/kg铜胁迫处理,SOD、POD和CAT活性比300.0mg/kg铜胁迫处理略有降低,MAD含量显著低于300.0mg/kg铜胁迫处理.[结论]铜胁迫条件下,低浓度(1.0mg/kg)硒元素能提高酿酒葡萄幼苗对逆境的耐受力,提高叶片抗氧化酶活性,降低叶片细胞膜质过氧化程度,进而缓解铜对葡萄幼苗的毒害作用.

Effects of selenium on physiological characteristics of wine grape seedling under copper stress

[Objective]Influences of sodium selenite(Na2SeO3)on physiological characteristics of wine grape seed-lings under copper stress were studied to reveal that selenium(Se)element could alleviate the copper stress effects on wine grape seedling.[Method]A greenhouse pot experiment was conducted to explore the influences of exogenous Se(1.0 mg/kg) on leaf chlorophyll pigment content,antioxidant enzyme[peroxidase(POD),catalase(CAT)and superoxide dismutase (SOD)]activities,malondialdehyde(MDA)content and soluble protein content of wine grape seedling exposed to 300.0 mg/kg copper in the soil.The experimental variety of wine grape was Cabernet Sauvignon and the soil was light sierozem from east foothill of Helan Mountain,Ningxia.[Result]Compared with control(CK)treatment,1.0 mg/kg Se treatment could improve leaf chlorophyll a(Chl a)content,chlorophyll b(Chl b)content,total chlorophyll(Chl a+b)content,POD activity and CAT activity,decreased MAD content,but had insignificant difference(P>0.05).300.0 mg/kg copper stress treatment decreased significantly(P<0.05,the same below)leaf chlorophyll content and soluble protein content of wine grape leaves,but increased Chl a/b content and antioxidant enzyme activities.In 1.0 mg/kg Se+300.0 mg/kg copper treatment,Chl content and soluble protein content in leaves were close to those in CK,but higher than those in 300.0 mg/kg copper stress treatment.In addition,compared with 300.0 mg/kg copper stress treatment,activities of SOD,POD and CAT decreased slightly,and MDA content was significantly lower.[Conclusion]Under copper stress,low concentra-tion of Se(1.0 mg/kg)can improve the tolerance of wine grape seedlings to stress,improve the activity of leaf antioxidant enzymes and decrease the degree of cellulose peroxidation level,therefore it can alleviate the damage to grape seedlings by copper.