黑龙江省玉米生产和育种现状

分析了黑龙江省玉米生产和育种现状及存在的主要问题,即玉米品种更新缓慢,区域化按类种植面积较小,中低产田块居多,玉米深加工业转化滞后;玉米种质基础十分狭窄,严重制约了突破性杂交种的选育;优良自交系和杂交种的匮乏以及高产栽培技术的不完善是黑龙江省近十年来玉米单产持续不前的重要原因。结合这些问题,对黑龙江省玉米生产和育种的发展进行了探讨并提出了战略措施：调整品种布局,推广优良品种,促进玉米均衡增产,增加科研投入,抓好中低产田的开发;利用我省独特的地域和资源优势,运用现代科学的种质创新技术,拓宽、创新种植资源是提高黑龙江省玉米育种水平和突破杂交种选育的重要途径,对提高玉米单产,稳定总产具有重要意义。

Current Status of Maize Production and Breeding in Heilongjiang Province

The current status and problems were analyzed in this paper. The conclusions were as follows：maize varieties renovated slowly; territorial planting area according to different varieties was limited; low and secondary yield field were mainly document;transform of maize production lagged behind; narrow basic of maize germplasm, lack of excellent inbred line and hybrids and imperfect technology of cultivating high yield. Strategic countermeasure of maize production and breeding development in Heilongjiang Province were that modulating variety distribution,spreading high quality maize varieties, increasing research investment, catching field exploitation of low or secondary yield. It is of great significance to enhance and stabilize maize yield and innovate maize germplasm by utilizing inimitable zonal superiority and using modern technology.