贮藏条件和温度对4种蒺藜科植物种子萌发的影响

对河西走廊泡果白刺Nitraria sphaerocarpa、唐古特白刺N. tangutorum、骆驼蒿Peganum nigellastrum和驼蹄瓣Zygophyllum fabago 4种蒺藜科植物的种子经过冬季土壤埋藏和室温贮藏各80 d后，在5种温度（10 ℃、15 ℃、20 ℃、25 ℃、5 ℃/ 25 ℃）条件下进行了萌发测试。结果表明，唐古特白刺、骆驼蒿和驼蹄瓣的种子萌发主要受温度的影响，萌发率随温度升高而增大；唐古特白刺种子经过冬季埋藏后，培养在15 ℃和20 ℃条件下达到最大萌发率（40%50%），而经室温贮藏后培养在25 ℃下有最高萌发率（40%50%）；骆驼蒿和驼蹄瓣种子经过冬季埋藏后，培养在5 ℃/25 ℃下达到最高萌发率（80%；90%100%），经室温贮藏后，同样培养在5 ℃/25 ℃下也达到最高萌发率（60%70%；60%）；在10 ℃条件下，3 种植物种子的萌发率不足10%。泡果白刺的种子萌发主要受贮藏方式的影响，埋藏后种子萌发率显著大于室温贮藏的种子，埋藏后的种子培养在20 ℃或25 ℃下达到最高萌发率（60%70%）。

Effect of storage conditions and temperatures on seed germination of 4 plant species from Zygophyllaceae

Seed germination of 4 plant species from Zygophyllaceae including Nitraria sphaerocarpa, N. tangutorum, Peganum nigellastrum and Zygophyllum fabago were studied. After the seeds were separately treated with soil burial during winter (SB) and dry storage in laboratory (DSL) for 80 days, the germination rate was measured under 4 constant temperatures (10 ℃, 15 ℃, 20 ℃ and 25 ℃) and one fluctuating temperature regimes (25 ℃/5 ℃). The result showed that the seed germination rates of N. tangutorum, P. nigellastrum and Z. fabago were greatly influenced by temperature and the seed germination rates increased with the increasing temperature. The maximum germination rate of N. tangutorum seeds both in SB and DSL groups reached the highest values from 40% to 50% at 15 ℃ and 20 ℃. As for P. nigellastrum, it was closed to 0 % (SB) and 60% to 70% (DSL) at 5 ℃/25 ℃. And for Z. fabago, it was 90% to 100% (SB) and 60% (DSL) at 5 ℃/25 ℃. The seed germination rates of these three species were less than 10% at low temperature (10 ℃ or 15 ℃). The seed germination rate of N. sphaerocarpa was mainly affected by the storage methods and it was significantly higher in SB group than that in DSL group and the highest germination rate was from 60% to 70% in SB group atat 20 ℃ or 25 ℃.