海南岛热带森林的变迁及生物多样性的保护对策*

海南岛是我国森林生物多样性最高的地区之一，全岛的野生植物种类约占全国的１１．６％。而由于人口的增长，工农业生产和经济建设的飞速发展，热带森林遭到了很大程度的破坏，森林覆盖率已由１９５０年的３５．４％下降到１９９０年的７．９％，全岛受国家和地方重点保护的珍稀濒危动动有１０２种，植物９３种，已灭绝的植物１种，许多物种的生存目前受到了严重的威胁。文中分析了海南岛热带森林的变迁情况、毁林原因和生物多样性锐减的现状，并提出了保护海南岛热带森林及其生物多样性的措施和建议。

Biodiversity of Tropical Forest and Its Protection Strategies in Hainan Island,China

In this paper,the change of tropical forest,the causes of deforestation,the forest biodiversity and its reducing situation in Hainan Island of China have been described and analyzed.The results indicated that the annual average deforestation rate in up to11.48% from 1933 to 1990 and now the original tropical forest coverage rate is only 7.9%.More than 102 species of wild animals and 93 species of plants were in danger,and the protected rate of animals' and plants' habitat is only 3.03%.Judging from the current situation,the protective strategies for tropical forest and its biodiversity in Hainan Island have been put forward in the paper.