栽培方式与作物群体结构对寒地春玉米光合性能及产量的影响

通过对不同栽培方式及作物群体结构下两个不同株型玉米的群体光合性能及产量差异进行比较分析。结果表明,大垄双行栽培方式可以改善玉米的群体结构,减少株间竞争,促进个体生长发育,玉米植株的叶面积、LAI和LAD均有不同程度增长,从而有效地改善了玉米群体光照条件,提高了群体光合性能和光能利用率,提高了寒地春玉米的产量。试验表明:种植方式与密度之间存在明显互作效应,大垄双行栽培方式下紧凑型品种的适宜种植密度为6.00万～6.75万株/hm2,平展型品种的种植密度为5.25万～6.00万株/hm2,分别比小垄栽培对照增产19.09%和14.25%。

Effect of Cultivation Methods and Crop Community Construction on Photosynthetic Capacity and Yield of Spring Maize in Cold Region

The Photosynthesis capacity and yield of two plant-type maize in different cultivation methods and maize community construction were analyzed.The results showed that the community construction was improved,the competition among individuals reduced,the growth of individuals improved,the leaf area,LAI and LAD were increased to different extent under double rows on a big ridge cultivation of appropriate density.So it can efficiently improve the illumination condition through maize community,photosynthesis capacity and utilization ratio of light energy were improved,yield of maize increased in cold region.The result showed that there was obvious interact effect between cultivation methods and plant density.The appropriate plant density of compact-type maize under double rows on a big ridge cultivation methods was(6.00-6.75) ten thousand plants/ha,the planting density of unfold flat maize was(5.25-6.00) ten thousand plants/ha,yield increased 19.09% and 14.25% than contrast separately.