基于遥感的郑州市黄河湿地植被覆盖度变化研究

城市滨河湿地的治理与保护对于城市生态环境具有重要意义,而监测植被覆盖度是研究湿地植被状况的重要方法。以郑州市黄河湿地为研究对象,采用等密度模型,基于1999-2011年的郑州市黄河湿地TM遥感影像,进行湿地植被覆盖度的反演,并结合降水数据和实际调研情况,分析了郑州市黄河湿地植被覆盖度的变化情况。结果表明,郑州市黄河湿地生态环境比较脆弱,研究期内平均植被盖度由60%下降到40%,典型黄河湿地植被遭到破坏。年降水的差异对植被覆盖度影响明显,同时越来越多的人类活动是导致植被持续减少的重要因子。该研究结果可为制定区域生态修复规划,提高黄河湿地的生态价值和经济价值服务提供参考。

A Study of Vegetation Coverage Changes in Yellow River Wetland of Zhengzhou City Based on Remote Sensing

The control and protection of urban riparian wetlands have great significance for urban ecological environment, and monitoring vegetation coverage is an important way to study wetland vegetation conditions. By taking the Yellow River wetlands in Zhengzhou City as the study area, the equal density model was used to inverse wetland vegetation coverage based on the TM remote sensing images of the Yellow River wetland between 1999 and 2011. Combined with precipitation data and field survey, vegetation coverage changes in the wetland were analyzed. The ecological environment in the wetland was fragile; the average vegetation coverage decreased from 60% to 40% during the study period; and typical vegetation of the Yellow River wetland has been destroyed. Differences in precipitation obviously impacted vegetation coverage, while more and more human activities were an important factor leading to continuous reduction of vegetation. Result from the study may serve for regional ecological restoration planning and enhance the ecological and economic values of the Yellow River wetland.