采煤沉陷复垦区重金属污染与土壤酶活性的关系

以淮南新庄孜矿采煤沉陷复垦区为研究区域,对脲酶、磷酸酶、蔗糖酶、蛋白酶、纤维素酶、过氧化氢酶、多酚氧化酶7种土壤酶进行了测试分析。结果发现,该区域土壤酶活性受到不同程度的抑制,且7种土壤酶对重金属的敏感性不一致。采用因子分析技术提取主成分,建立了复合污染土壤总体酶活性评价指标,评价了该地区土壤重金属污染程度,并与通过灰色聚类法分析得到的土壤重金属污染等级进行了比对分析,研究了采煤沉陷区土壤酶活性与重金属污染之间的赋存关系,进一步证明在采煤沉陷复垦区这一特殊土地利用条件下,采用土壤酶活性综合指标评价土壤重金属污染是可行的。研究表明,土壤酶总体活性评价指标作为一种简单易行的评价手段,为新庄孜采煤沉陷复垦区及相似矿区复垦地的重金属污染修复提供参考和理论依据。

Relationship Between Soil Enzymes and Heavy Metals in Reclaimed Area of Coal Mining

Xinzhuangzi mining reclamation area, which located in Huainan City, was selected as the research area and seven soil enzyme activities(urease, phosphatase, invertase, protease, cellulose enzyme, hydrogen peroxide enzyme, polyphenol oxidase) were measured. The results showed significant differences among heavy metals pollution to seven soil enzyme activities. It was found that the seven soil enzyme activities were inhibited in different degrees, and the sensitivity of soil enzymes to heavy metals were not consistent. Factor analysis method was used to extract the principal component and establish evaluation index of the compound soil pollution of total enzyme activities which intended to evaluate the pollution degree of soil heavy metals in this area. The level of soil heavy metals pollution was obtained by grey clustering method. The relationship between soil enzyme activity and the heavy metal pollution in mining subsidence area were analyzed, which further proved it was feasible using the comprehensive index of soil enzyme activity to evaluate soil heavy metal pollution in special case of mining subsidence area. The overall evaluation index of soil enzyme activities, as a simple means of evaluation, will finally provide reference and theoretical basis to heavy metals pollution repairing in Xinzhuangzi reclamation area and similar coal mining area.