栽培方式对超级杂交早稻陵两优268产量形成及氮肥利用率的影响

比较了超级杂交早稻陵两优268在“三定”栽培、免耕摆栽、传统栽培条件下的产量构成特点、干物质生产特性、氮素吸收量及其利用率,结果表明:与传统栽培相比,“三定”栽培处理齐穗期后干物质积累量大、有效穗较多,产量较高,氮素吸收量分蘖中期和幼穗分化期较低,齐穗期和成熟期较高,氮肥偏生产力、氮素吸收利用率、氮肥农学利用率均较高；免耕摆栽处理有效穗较多,但每穗总粒数和结实率居劣势；氮吸收特点与“三定”栽培处理相似,但氮肥偏生产力、氮素吸收利用率、氮肥农学利用率比“三定”栽培处理略低.表明陵两优268采用“三定”栽培法可实现产量和氮肥利用率的同步提高.

Effects of Cultivation Methods on Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Early-cropping Super Hybrid Rice Lingliangyou 268

The characteristics of yield formation,dry matter accumulation and nitrogen uptake and its use efficiency of Lingliangyou 268,a double-cropping early super hybrid rice combination,were compared among three cultivation methods including the ″San-ding″ Cultivation(SDC,to quantify target yield,population index and nitrogen application amount),the Tillage-free and Seedling Broadcasting Cultivation(TFSBC) and the Traditional Cultivation(TC).The results showed that,compared with TC,SDC had a higher dry matter accumulation after the full heading stage,more productive panicles and a higher grain yield;it also had higher values in the characters of the nitrogen uptake after the full heading stage,nitrogen partial factor productivity(NPFP),nitrogen agronomic efficiency(NAE) and nitrogen recovery efficiency(NRE).For TFSBC,it had a higher number of productive panicles but a lower number of spikelets per panicle and a lower seed-setting percentage than TC;it was similar to SDC in the nitrogen uptake features but its NPFP,NAE and NRE were a little lower than those of SDC.It is found that SDC can be used to achieve both higher grain yield and higher nitrogen use efficiency in the cultivation of the early super hybrid rice Lingliangyou 268.