饲料中添加叔丁基氢醌对大菱鲆生长、血液生化指标、非特异性免疫及肠道组织结构的影响

为研究饲料中添加不同含量叔丁基氢醌(TBHQ)对大菱鲆幼鱼生长、血液生化指标、非特异性免疫及肠道组织结构的影响,在饲料中分别添加0、150、450和750 mg/kg的叔丁基氢醌,配制成4种等氮等脂实验饲料,选择初始体质量(8.31±0.04)g大菱鲆幼鱼,随机分成4组,每组6个重复,每个重复30尾,采用饱饲投喂方式,每天投喂2次,饲养周期为12 W。结果显示,与对照组相比,450和750 mg/kg TBHQ添加组大菱鲆的增重率、特定生长率均显著降低;450 mg/kg TBHQ添加组实验鱼血清碱性磷酸酶活力显著高于150 mg/kg TBHQ添加组;150 mg/kg TBHQ添加组实验鱼血清白蛋白和高密度脂蛋白含量显著低于对照组和450 mg/kg添加组;450 mg/kg TBHQ添加组鱼的血清肌酐含量显著高于对照组;150 mg/kg TBHQ添加组鱼的血清总蛋白含量显著低于对照组;饲料中添加高剂量的TBHQ能够显著升高血清中CAT、溶菌酶活力(450和750 mg/kg)及头肾吞噬细胞呼吸爆发活力(750 mg/kg);饲料中TBHQ添加量为750 mg/kg时,血清SOD活力显著降低;与对照组相比,饲料中添加450和750 mg/kg TBHQ能够显著降低中肠肠道绒毛长度与肠道直径比,而添加750 mg/kg TBHQ时中肠肠道做绒毛长度与肠道直径的比值显著降低。研究表明,饲料中TBHQ的添加量为150 mg/kg时,对大菱鲆幼鱼生长及生理生化指标无显著影响,而饲料中添加450 mg/kg以上的TBHQ则会对大菱鲆幼鱼的生长及生理状况产生一定负面作用。

Effects of dietary tert-butylhydroquinone on growth performance, blood biochemical parameter, non-specific immunity and intestinal tissue structure of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus)

A feeding trial was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) on growth performance, blood biochemical parameter, non-specific immunity and intestinal tissue structure of turbot (Scophthalmus maximus). Four isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated to contain graded levels (0, 150, 450 and 750 mg/kg) of TBHQ. Fish[initial average weight (8.31±0.04) g] were randomly allocated to 24 tanks, and each tank was stocked with 30 fish. Fish were fed twice daily to apparent satiation for 12 weeks. The results indicated that fish fed the diets containing 450 and 750 mg/kg TBHQ had significantly lower weight gain ratio and specific growth rate than that of fish fed the basal diet (the control group). Fish fed the diet containing 450 mg/kg TBHQ had significantly higher activity of serum alkaline phosphatase than that of fish fed the diet containing 150 mg/kg TBHQ. Fish fed the diet containing 150 mg/kg TBHQ had significantly lower albumin and high density lipoprotein content than that of fish fed the basal diet and the diet containing 450 mg/kg TBHQ; fish fed the diet containing 450 mg/kg TBHQ had significantly higher serum creatinine content than that of fish fed the basal diet; fish fed the diet containing 150 mg/kg TBHQ had significantly lower serum total protein content than that of fish fed the basal diet. Fish fed the diets containing 450 and 750 mg/kg TBHQ had significantly higher activity of serum CAT, lysozyme activity, and fish fed the diet containing 750 mg/kg TBHQ had significantly higher respiratory burst activity of renal phagocytes. Fish fed the diet containing 750 mg/kg TBHQ had significantly lower serum SOD activity. Fish fed the diets containing 450 and 750 mg/kg TBHQ had significantly lower ratio of intestinal villus length to bowel diameter than that of fish fed the basal diet, and fish fed diet containing 750 mg/kg TBHQ had significantly lower ratio of microvillus length to bowel diameter than that of fish fed the basal diet. In conclusion, the results of the present study indicated that 150 mg/kgTBHQ in diets of juvenile turbot had no significant effects on weight gain, physiological or biochemical indexes, while fish fed diet with more TBHQ (>450mg/kg) had negative effects on the growth and physiological status.