黄河中游不同类型区小流域治理差异性分析

据78条重点小流域验收资料分析,不同类型区的治理难度是黄土丘陵沟壑区>土石山区>风沙区>河源梁墹区。各类型区以基本农田为骨架,以水土保持林为主体,土石山区和风沙区水保林面积占到80％。黄土丘陵沟壑区和土石山区是以建设基本农田起步,河源梁墹区和风沙区是以发展牧业和林副产品为突破口。通过综合治理,各类型区经济都有快速增长,但到本世纪末还难以实现小康。必须把小流域治理引向商品经济大道,加快小流域治理由防护型向开发型治理的转变速度。

Discrepancy Analysis of Small Watershed Harnessment in Different Zones in the Middle Yellow River

According to the analysis of the information of the check and acceptance of 78 key harness-ment small watersheds, the degrees of difficulty in harnessing different zones are different, which decrease from the gullied rolling loess area, earthy and rocky mountainous area, windy and sandy area to platform area in river source. Basic farmland and afforestation for soil conservation are the main measures in the harnessment of small watersheds. Area of forest constitutes 80% of the total earthy and rocky mountainous area and windy sandy area. Taking basic farmland as the starting point in the gullied rolling loess area and earthy and rocky area, and taking animal husbandry, forestry and side-line products as the breakthrough point in platform area in river source, windy and sandy area, economies in various zones are speeded up. But it is difficult to get well off by the end of the century. So, harnessment of small watershed must be directed onto the road of commodity economy to promote the change of the harnessing model from protection to development.