纤维素酶与活性干酵母对草原红牛能量代谢的影响简

试验旨在使用“大型动物开放回流式呼吸测热装置”并结合生长代谢试验，研究纤维素酶和活性干酵母对草原红牛日粮表观消化率及能量代谢的影响。选用8月龄健康、体重（170±10）kg的草原红牛公牛4头，采用4×4拉丁方试验设计，以混合精料和羊草为基础日粮。试验分4期，每期37 d。Ⅰ组为空白对照组，在日粮中不添加纤维素酶和活性干酵母；Ⅱ组在日粮中添加190 mg/kg纤维素酶；Ⅲ组在日粮中添加200 mg/kg活性干酵母；Ⅳ组在日粮中添加190 mg/kg纤维素酶+200 mg/kg活性干酵母。结果表明：①Ⅲ、Ⅳ组干物质消化率与Ⅰ组相比均差异显著（P<0.05）,Ⅲ组与Ⅰ组相比干物质消化率提高了9.01%；②Ⅲ组对日粮中有机物质、粗蛋白质、无氮浸出物、酸性洗涤纤维、中性洗涤纤维、纤维素和半纤维素的表观消化率影响与Ⅰ组相比均差异显著（P＜0.05），Ⅲ组纤维素和半纤维素的表观消化率与Ⅰ组相比分别提高了14.65%和18.81%；③Ⅲ组对能量代谢中的消化能和代谢能影响与Ⅰ、Ⅱ组相比均差异显著（P＜0.05），与Ⅳ组相比差异不显著（P＞0.05），Ⅳ组比Ⅰ组相比代谢能提高了16.63%；④纤维素酶和活性干酵母混合添加未见组合效应。提示，活性干酵母能提高草原红牛日粮利用率及减少能量损失，混合添加未见叠加效应。

Effects of Cellulose and Active Dry Yeast on Energy Metabolism of Grassland Red Cattle

This experiment was conducted to research the effects of diet added cellulose and active dry yeast on apparent digestibility，nitrogen and energy metabolism of Grassland Red cattle.Four healthy Grassland Red cattles with an average age of eight months and an average body weight of (170±10) kg was selected，and a 4×4 Latin square design of experiment was adopted. Guinea grass and mix beneficiated burden material were used as basic diet. The experiment was divided into 4 periods and each period included 37 days. Group Ⅰ was added basic diet didn’t add cellulose and active dry yeast， which was regarded as the control group,group Ⅱ was added cellulose for 190 mg/kg in basic diet,group Ⅲ was added active dry yeast for 200 mg/kg in basic diet,group Ⅳ was added active dry yeast for 200 mg/kg and cellulose for 190 mg/kg in basic diet. The results showed as follows：① Groups Ⅲ and Ⅳ had significant effect on dry matter digestibility （P <0.05）,and compared with group Ⅰ, dry matter digestibility from group Ⅲ was increased by 9.01%.② Group Ⅲ had significant effect on apparent digestibility of organic matter，nitrogen free extract，neutral detergent fiber，crude protein, acid detergent fiber，cellulose and hemicellulose in diet (P＜0.05)，and compared with group Ⅰ，the digestibility of cellulose and hemicellulose from group Ⅲ was separately increased by 14.65% and 18.81%.③ Group Ⅲ had significant effect on digestible energy and metabolic energy(P＜0.05)， and compared with group Ⅰ，metabolic energy from group Ⅳ was increased by 16.63%.④ Every indicators of cellulose and active dry yeast mixed added has no seen superposition effect.These results indicated that the active dry yeast could improve the utilization ratio of Grassland Red cattle diet and reduce energy losses，mixed addition had not appeared superposition effect.