栽植密度对温室有机栽培欧李生长及叶绿素荧光的影响

以“农大6号”和“农大7号”欧李为试材,采用温室有机栽培的方法,设置4个栽植密度(0.5m×0.5m、0.5m×1.0m、0.5m×1.5m、1.0m×1.0m),对欧李的生长指标(株高、地径、冠幅)、叶面积(LA)、比叶面积(SLA)、叶片干物质含量(LDMC)、叶绿素含量(SPAD)及荧光指标(Fo、Fm、Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo、qN、qP、ETR)进行了测定,以探究栽植密度对温室有机欧李生长及光能利用的影响,为其高效生产栽培提供参考依据。结果表明:不同栽植密度对欧李的生长及光能利用均有显著影响,且因品种而异。“农大6号”的生长及对光能的利用随密度减小先增大后减小。栽植密度为0.5m×0.5m时,其地径、冠幅、LA、SLA均最小,荧光参数Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo最小,qN值最大;当密度减小至0.5m×1.5m时,“农大6号”的株高、地径、冠幅均最大,LA、SLA、SPAD值最高,且地径、冠幅显著高于其它密度(P<0.05),荧光参数Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo值最大,qN值最小;密度减小至1.0m×1.0m时,各指标均有不同程度的下降。“农大7号”的生长及对光能的利用随密度的减小而增大。0.5m×0.5 m密度下地径、冠幅、LA、SLA、SPAD值最低,ETR、qP、qN值均较大;1.0m×1.0m密度下地径、冠幅、LA值均最大,SPAD值最高,荧光参数Fv/Fm、Fv/Fo、ETR值最大,qN值最小。温室有机栽培模式下,“农大6号”和“农大7号”的适宜栽培密度分别为0.5m×1.5m、1.0m×1.0m。在欧李的温室生产栽培中,应根据品种确定合理的栽植密度以确保植株生长良好及效益最大化。

Effects of Planting Density on Growth and Chlorophyll Fuorescence of Cerasus humilis Grown in Greenhouse

‘C.humilis No.6’and‘C.humilis No.7’were taken as test material,four planting densities(0.5m×0.5m,0.5m×1.0m,0.5m×1.5m,1.0m×1.0m)were set up to determine the growth index(plant height,ground diameter,crown width),leaf area(LA),specific leaf area(SLA),leaf dry matter content(LDMC),chlorophyll content(SPAD)and fluorescence indexes(Fo,Fm,Fv/Fm,Fv/Fo,qN,qP,ETR).The effects of planting density on growth and light energy utilization of C.humilis grown in organic greenhouse were studied to provide theoretical guidance for its efficient production and cultivation.The results showed that there was significant difference on growth and light energy utilization of C.humilis in different planting density,and varied by variety.The growth and utilization of light energy of‘C.humilis No.6’increased first and then decreased with the decrease of density.When the planting density was 0.5m×0.5m,the ground diameter,crown width,LA,SLA,and Fv/Fm,Fv/Fo were the smallest,and the qN value was the largest.The plant height,ground diameter and crown width of‘C.humilis No.6’were the largest,the LA,SLA and SPAD values were the highest when the planting density decreased to 0.5 m×1.5 m,and the ground diameter and crown width were significantly higher than those of other densities(P<0.05).The fluorescence parameters Fv/Fm and Fv/Fo were the highest,and qN was the lowest.However,all indexes had different degrees of decline when the planting density decreases to 1.0m×1.0m.The growth and utilization of light energy of‘C.humilis No.7’increased with the decrease of density.The ground diameter,crown width,LA,SLA and SPAD values were the lowest at 0.5m×0.5m,and the ETR,qP and qN values were the highest.The ground diameter,crown width,LA,Fv/Fm,Fv/Fo and ETR both were the largest,SPAD value was the highest,qN was the lowest at 1.0m×1.0mdensity.The suitable cultivation densities of‘C.humilis No.6’and‘C.humilis No.7’were 0.5m×1.5mand 1.0m×1.0mrespectively under the greenhouse organic cultivation mode.The reasonable planting density should be determined according to the varieties to ensure that the plant grows well and the benefit is maximized in the production and cultivation of C.humilis in greenhouse.