不同基质对黄瓜生长、产量及果实品质的影响

以“新泰密刺”黄瓜为试材,将产于新疆的蛭石作为主要基质原材料,采用添加不同体积的废弃物炉渣和菇渣进行基质复配的方法,以纯蛭石基质作为对照(CK),在日光温室栽培槽中开展黄瓜栽培试验,研究了以蛭石为主的不同基质对日光温室黄瓜生长、产量及果实品质的影响,以期为新疆蛭石资源在农业生产中的利用和阿拉尔垦区黄瓜基质栽培提供参考依据。结果表明:处理T2(蛭石∶炉渣∶菇渣=2∶1∶1)和T4(蛭石∶炉渣∶菇渣=3∶1∶1)的净光合速率高于CK;T2和T4的前期产量高于CK,其中T4前期产量较CK提高了46%;T2和T4的总产量分别较CK提高了21%和31%;T2和T4的果实营养品质综合评价值优于CK。综上所述,处理T2和T4可用作黄瓜栽培,且T2适于优质栽培,而T4适于丰产栽培。

Effects of Different Substrates on Growth,Yield and Fruit Quality of Cucumber

‘Xintai Dense Thorn’cucumber was selected as the test material,the vermiculite produced in Xinjiang was used as the main substrate raw material,and then different volumes of waste slag and mushroom slag were added for the substrate compounding,and the pure vermiculite substrate was used as the control(CK),the cucumber cultivation experiment was carried out in the cultivation trough of the solar greenhouse,and the effects of different substrates mainly made of vermiculite on the growth,yield and fruit quality of cucumber in the solar greenhouse were studied,in order to provide reference for the utilization of vermiculite resources in agricultural production and cucumber substrate cultivation in Alar reclamation area.The results showed that the net photosynthetic rate of T2(vermiculite∶slag∶slag=2∶1∶1)and T4(vermiculite∶slag∶slag=3∶1∶1)was higher than that of CK,early yield of T4was higher than that of CK by 46%,the total yield of T2and T4was higher by 21%and 31%than that of CK,respectively,and the comprehensive evaluation value of fruit nutritional quality of T2and T4was higher than that of CK.To sum up,T2and T4could be used for cucumber cultivation,and T2was suitable for high-quality cultivation,and T4was suitable for highyield cultivation.