海南霸王岭林区南亚松天然林乔木层结构特征研究

南亚松(Pinus latteri Mason)[1]又名海南松[2]、越南松、南洋二针松[1],常绿大乔木,高可达30～40 m,胸径可达2 m[1 3];分布于海南、广东南部、广西南部海拔50～1 200 m的丘陵台地及山地,马来半岛、中南半岛及菲律宾也有分布[1];多为散生[3],但在海南霸王岭林区有大片的南亚松天然林分布[1 3];热性针叶林植被型中只有一个群系组(热带松林)和一个群系(即南亚松林),即天然的热带针叶林实际上只有南亚松天然林[4,5];南亚松具耐干旱、耐瘠薄、耐高温、耐火烧、耐海洋咸风等特性,是热带地区绿化荒山荒地及发展用材、松脂的良好材料[4,5];南亚松为珍稀种、珍贵用材(二类材,比马尾松(Pinus massoniana Lamb.)优良[4]),同时为高产脂树种(单株产脂为马尾松的两倍[6]);

Study on the Characters of Tree Stratum of Pinuslatteri Forest in Bawangling Forestry Area of Hainan Province

The natural forest of Pinus latteri in the Bawangling Forestry Area of Hainan Province, which is absolutely dominated by Pinus latteri, is a rare and typical multi storied, mixed and uneven aged forest, and is a precious tropical coniferous vegetation type. The tree stratum of the Pinus latteri forest can be divided obviously into 3 sub strata. The richness of tree species, Shannon Wiener index of tree species, evenness of tree species and average growing stock of the natural Pinus latteri forest are 20-1.65-0.38 and 372.5 m³·hm^-2, respectively. The population of Pinus latteri is a kind of stable population.