栽培因素对寒地超级稻产量和品质的影响

采用二次回归通用旋转组合设计,研究不同氮肥、钾肥、插秧密度对寒地超级稻产量和品质的影响.结果表明,氮肥对产量影响最大,其次为插秧密度,最后为钾肥;同时采用频数分析法获得产量最优栽培方案.氮肥可以提高蛋白质含量,整精米率、垩白米率、垩白度与氮肥呈二次曲线关系,钾肥和氮肥与直链淀粉含量均呈二次曲线关系,胶稠度会随着施肥量和密度增加而下降.相关分析和通径分析表明,蛋白质含量、直链淀粉含量都与胶稠度呈显著负相关,整精米率与垩白米率、垩白度存在极显著负相关,胶稠度是直接和间接影响食味评分的最主要因子.因此在最优方案内,应尽量降低肥料和密度来提高稻米的食味评分.

Effect of cultivated factors on yield and quality of super rice in cold region

With quadratic general rotatory combination design,the experiments studied the influence of different amounts of N,K and plant density on yield and quality of super rice in cold region.The results indicated that the effect of nitrogen fertilizer effect on the yield was the most important role,followed by density and potassium fertilizer.At the same time,the experiments obtained the optimum planting program on the yield by frequency analysis.Nitrogen fertilizer could increase the protein,but showed a quadratic relationship with the head rice rate,the chalky grain and chalkiness.Potassium and nitrogen fertilizer showed a quadratic relationship with the amylose content.Gel consistency would be decreased when fertilizer and density added.The correlation analysis and path analysis indicated that there were negative correlations between protein and gel consistency,amylose content and gel consistency,the head rice rate and chalky grain,the head rice rate and chalkiness.Gel consistency for the direct and indirect functions on the taste scores was the most important factor of all.Therefore,the fertilizer and the density should be reduced to increase rice taste scores.