水稻种质资源光合与水分利用特性比较及聚类分析

探讨水稻种资源的光合特性,并筛选出高光效水稻资源,为水稻种质资源遗传改良提供参考。对58份来自不同国家和地区的水稻种质资源的光合特性、水分利用效率(WUE)及叶绿素相对含量(SPAD)进行比较及聚类分析。结果表明,不同稻种资源间的光合速率(Pn)、气孔导度(C)和蒸腾速率(E)存在极显著差异,水分利用效率存在显著差异。光合特征前3个主成分的方差累计贡献率达95.31%。C、Pn、E为第1主成分主导因子,WUE和Pn为第2主成分主导因子,第3主成分主要由SPAD构成。聚类分析将58份稻种资源划分为7个类群,筛选获得第1、6类群9个高光合速率、高水分利用效率以及较高叶绿素相对含量种质资源,作为水稻高光效育种、抗逆育种的中间材料或配组亲本材料加以利用。

Comparison and Cluster Analysis on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Water Usage Efficiency of Rice Germplasms

Photosynthetic characteristics (PC) of various rice germplasms were determined to identify high-efficient genetic resources for improvements on rice cultivars.In addition,the water usage efficiency (WUE) and chlorophyll content (SPAD) of 58 rice germplasms from various nations and regions were obtained for comparison and classification in a cluster analysis.The results showed that there were significant differences (P<0.01) in photosynthesis rate (Pn),stomatal conductance (C),and transpiration rate (E),as well as highly significant differences (P<0.05) in WUE,among the tested varieties.The 3 principal components cumulatively contributed to the variances among the cultivars at 85.31%on C,Pn and E being the 1stprincipal component;on WUE and Pn,the 2nd;and,on SPAD,the 3rd.Based on Pn,WUE,and SPAD,the 58 germplasms were clustered into 7 groups.As a result,Group 1 and Group 6 consisting of 9 germplasms that showed high PC,WUE and SPAD were recommended for crossbreeding purposes.