食用菌生理成熟度量化初探

当前食用菌生理成熟、食用菌生育期等概念仍处于定性描述阶段。本文旨在寻找一个科学衡量上述概念内涵的计算方法,使之达到定量分析层次。基于营养枯竭学说理论,通过定义食用菌菌丝日生长量所占据培养基长度为一个营养单元,构建了由数个营养单元连接而成的理想菌包模型,再对理想菌包模型中第一营养单元生理成熟度的变化规律构建数学模型,以此揭示菌包中菌丝体生理成熟度变化规律,实现对食用菌生理成熟度的量化。最后进行了2个食用菌种类的栽培试验,对模型进行检测和应用,成功建立了食用菌生理成熟度的计算方法,并通过栽培试验,获得了姬菇的生理成熟度计算式:p=1/[1+100·e~(-x·(0.3067+(1/e~L·0.1363)·0.3719))],金顶侧耳的生理成熟度计算式:p=1/[1+100·e~(-x·(0.3680+(1/e~L·0.3838)·1.3898))]。本文建立了检测食用菌生理成熟度的方法,并基于此方法建立了食用菌生理成熟度p关于袋长L和栽培天数x的食用菌生理成熟度计算式f(x,L)=1/[1+100·e~(-x·(c1+(1/e~L·d)·g))]=p。

Quantifiable Physiological Measurement for Edible Mushrooms

The physiological maturity and growth period of edible mushrooms are conventionally measured and described qualitatively.To find a quantifiable measurement for them, a nutrition unit was firstly defined to be the daily growth of mycelia in length.Secondly, based on the nutrition unit,a theoretical model for the fungal development was established.Thirdly, using a dominant nutrition unit that governed the degree of maturity of a mushroom,a mathematic model was constructed.Finally, 2 strains of mushrooms, Pleurotus cornucopiae and Pleurotus citrinipileatus, were subjected to a planting experiment to evaluate the parameters in the prediction model.The experimental data on the cultivation successfully fitted the function as it predicted.It was,Pleurotus cornucopiae p=1/[1+100·e-x·(0.3067+1eL·0.1363·0.3719)],and Pleurotus citrinipileatus p=1/[1+100·e-x·(0.3680+1eL·0.3838·1.3898)],thus, concluded that a quantified protocol to describe and predict the physiological maturity and for the determination of cultivation duration of a mushroom was established,f(x,L)=1/[1+100·e-x·(c1+1eL·d·g)]=p.