古尔班通古特沙漠区设立鹰架控制害鼠种群的效果评价及生态、经济效益分析

通过2008—2010年对草地"无鼠害示范区"进行调查监测,对其害鼠种群密度、猛禽和食核数量、牧草产量及生物量进行分析,探讨和分析生物控制鼠害的效果及其产生的生态和经济效益。结果表明,2008—2010年各监测月份的定点样方害鼠有效洞口数均呈明显的下降趋势,每千米目击猛禽数和食核数呈逐年上升趋势,3年内草地生物量增加27.7%,植被盖度增加43.8%,牧草高度增加22.9%;设立鹰架控制害鼠当年即挽回鲜牧草损失总量43 697.4 t,挽回经济损失773.948万元;年内草地生物量增加值为873.948万元。结果提示,在该地区设立鹰架,利用草地生态系统中食物链、食物网的自然结构因子,从生态学角度对害鼠进行防治,控制草地害鼠的种群数量及危害,能够保护草地生态环境,提高草地灭鼠效果,达到长期有效地控制害鼠数量的目的。

Evaluation for Effect of Scaffolding Controlling Rodent Population in Gurbantunggut Desert Region and Analysis on Ecological and Economic Benefits

Through the investigation on the grassland ＇no-rodent damage model district＇ from 2008 to 2010, the rodent population density, birds of prey and food kernel number, herbage yield and biomass were analyzed to explore the effect of biological control of pest. The results showed that： the number of effective rodent caves in all plots decreased from 2008 to 2010, and birds of prey and food kernel number per kilometer increased year by year; the grassland biomass in three years was increased by 27.7%, the vegetation coverage was increased by 43.8%, and the pasture height was increased by 22.9%; the establishment of scaffolding to control mice saved 43 697.4 tons of fresh forage loss total, and recalled the economic loss of 7 739 480 yuan; grassland biomass increasing value during the year was 8 739 480 yuan; the establishment of scaffolding used natural food chain and food structure factor net in grassland ecosystem to control rodents from the angle of ecology, could protect the ecological environment of grassland, improve grassland deratization effect so as to get the target of effectively controlling the rodent quantity for long tenn.