江西省水资源可持续利用水平及其障碍因素

目的] 评估江西省水资源可持续利用水平,分析其主要障碍因素,为该区域水资源治理政策优化提供理论参考。方法] 以DPSIR模型为框架,构建包括29项二级指标的江西省水资源可持续利用评价指标体系,运用熵权-TOPSIS评估江西省水资源可持续利用水平变化趋势,并利用障碍度诊断法识别阻碍水资源可持续利用的主要障碍因子。结果] 江西省2011—2020年水资源可持续利用水平,除2013和2018年外,呈逐年上升趋势,2015年后水资源可持续利用平均水平（0.375 8）较2015年前（0.340 8）提高约10.15%。主要障碍因子包括废水治理设施处理能力、水资源总量、地表水调蓄能力、废水治理设施数、人均GDP等。结论] 较低经济发展与科学技术水平所导致的治理投入不足与治理效率低下问题,依然阻碍着江西省水资源可持续利用。建议水资源治理政策应从坚持“一河一策”,注重创新技术,升级产业结构,建立政策共同体等方面进行优化。

Sustainable Utilization and Obstacle Factors of Water Resource in Jiangxi Province

Objective] The sustainable water resource utilization in Jiangxi Province were evaluated and its main obstacles were analyzed in order to provide theoretical references for optimizing water resource governance policy. Methods] The DPSIR model was used as a framework to construct a sustainable water resource utilization evaluation index system (including 29 secondary indicators) for Jiangxi Province. The trend of changes in the level of sustainable water resources utilization in Jiangxi Province was evaluated using the entropy-weight TOPSIS method, and the main obstacle factors hindering the sustainable water resources utilization were identified using the obstacle degree diagnosis method. Results] The sustainable water resource utilization level in Jiangxi Province from 2011 to 2020 (except for 2013 and 2018) increased with increasing years. The average sustainable water resource utilization level after 2015 (0.375 8) was 10.15% greater than before 2015 (0.340 8). The main obstacle factors included the treatment capacity of wastewater treatment facilities, total water resources, surface water storage capacity, number of wastewater treatment facilities, and per capita GDP. Conclusion] Insufficient investment in governance and low management efficiency due to low economic development and science and technology level continue to hinder the sustainable use of water resources in Jiangxi Province. It is suggested that water resource governance policies should be optimized by adhering to the measures defined in "one policy for one river", focusing on innovative technology, upgrading industrial structure, and establishing policy communities.