基于变权物元可拓模型的沙漠公路防沙工程综合效益评价

目的] 对沙漠公路防沙工程综合效益进行评价,为风沙区公路防沙工程的评价研究与后期运维工作提供科学参考。方法] 以乌玛会（乌海—玛曲）高速公路沙漠区段的防沙工程为例,在分析沙漠公路防沙工程综合效益影响因素的基础上,从工程效益、经济效益、环境效益3个维度建立沙漠公路防沙工程综合效益评价指标体系。构建变权物元可拓模型,利用变权理论对固定权重进行修正,以体现指标值波动对指标权重的影响,并通过敏感性分析指出对综合效益影响显著的指标。最后,将模型应用于乌玛高速公路沙漠区段防沙工程。结果] 乌玛高速公路沙漠区段防沙工程的综合效益处于“较好”效益等级,但有大幅偏向“中等”效益等级的趋势,与传统的固定权重法相比,本研究结果更加符合工程实际;在众多评价指标中,防护效果、破损程度、施工质量、植被环境影响对评价结果影响最为显著。结论] 为进一步提升乌玛高速沙漠区段防沙工程的综合效益等级,在后期运营过程中应重点关注这几项指标的变化趋势,针对性地开展维护工作,保证综合效益最大化。

Comprehensive Benefits Evaluation of Desert Highway Sand Control Engineering Based on Matter-element Extension Model with Variable Weight

Objective] The comprehensive benefits of desert highway sand control engineering were evaluated in order to provide a scientific reference for research to evaluate sand control engineering of highways in wind-blown sand areas, and for subsequent work with respect to operation and maintenance. Methods] The sand control engineering of desert section of the Wuhai-Maqin Highway was taking as a case study, based on an analysis of the influencing factors of the comprehensive benefits of desert highway sand control projects, a comprehensive benefits evaluation indicator system for highway sand control engineering was constructed from three aspects:engineering benefits, economic benefits, and environmental benefits. A matter-element extension model with variable weight was constructed. Fixed weights were then corrected using variable-weighting theory to reflect the effect of fluctuations in indicator values on indicator weights. The indicators that had a significant impact on the comprehensive benefits were also identified through sensitivity analysis. Finally, the model was applied to sand control engineering in the desert section of the Wuhai-Maqin highway. Results] The comprehensive benefits of sand control engineering in the desert section of the Wuhai-Maqin highway were in the "relatively good" benefit level, but they strongly trended towards the "medium" benefit level. Compared with the traditional fixed-weight method, the benefits were more in line with engineering reality. Among the many indicators, the protective effect, breakage degree, construction quality, and effects of vegetation environment had the most significant impacts on the evaluation results. Conclusion] To further improve the comprehensive benefit level of sand control projects in the desert section of the Wuhai-Maqin highway, the changing trend of these indicators should be focused on in the later stages of operation and maintenance, and maintenance work should be targeted to ensure maximum comprehensive benefits.