振荡频率对曼氏无针乌贼死亡率及生存状态的影响

在实验室条件下，研究了不同振荡频率（0、60、100、120、140和160 rpm）对乌贼（胴背长6.5±0.3 cm）喷墨率、死亡率、乳酸、糖原含量及酶活性的影响。结果表明：除160 rpm死亡率略有下降外，其它组随着频率的增高死亡率升高，频率120、140 rpm时死亡率最高为91.7%，显著高于0、60、100 rpm处理组（P<0.05）。死亡时间主要分布在振荡后的4~8 h区间，频率越低乌贼出现死亡的时间越晚，160 rpm率先在2 h出现死亡个体。除个别组出现波动外，随着频率的增大两种组织（肌肉、肝脏）的糖原含量降低、而乳酸含量增大，140 rpm处理组糖原、乳酸含量与对照组间差异显著（P<0.05）；除60 rpm处理组外，随着频率的增加干胰脏组织中的谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(GOT)活性降低，超氯化物歧化酶(SOD)活性增加，且三种酶120、140、160 rpm处理组与其它组间差异显著（P<0.05）。碱性磷酸酶(ALP)活性随着频率的增加而升高，140 rpm、160 rpm处理组与其它组间差异显著（P<0.05）。综合分析认为，频率显著影响乌贼的存活率，乌贼产生了行为和生理反应来适应振荡产生的影响，能量耗尽和干胰脏损伤可能是乌贼运输过程高死亡率的主要原因，运输过程建议车速小于40 km/h（100 rpm）且其运输时间因小于3 h，运输过程中应尽量避免大的晃动发生。

Oscillator frequency effects on death rate and physiological status of Sepiella maindroni

The effects of different oscillation frequencies (0,60,100,120,140 and 160 rpm) on ink-jet rate, death rate, lactate, glycogen content and enzyme activity of Sepiella maindroni (body length 6.5±0.3 cm) were studied under laboratory conditions. The results showed that the death rate increased with the frequency increase in other groups, except for a slight decrease in the death rate at 160 rpm. The highest death rate was 97.1% at the frequencies (120, 160 rpm), and it obvious higher than frequencies (0, 60, 100 rpm) （P<0.05）. Death?time was mainly distributed in the interval of 4-8h after the oscillation, and the lower frequency, the later death time of S. Maindroni appeared. The first dead individuals appeared at 2h at the 160 rpm. Except for fluctuations in a few groups, it basically followed the trend that that glycogen content of the two tissues decreased with the increase of frequency, and lactate content increased. Compare to control group, the experimental group at 140 rpm had significant difference in lactate and glycogen content(P<0.05). Except for experimental group at 140 rpm, the activity of alanine transaminase (ALT) and glutamic-oxalacetic transaminase (GOT) in pancreas tissues decreased, and the activity of superchloride dismutase (SOD) increased with the increase of frequency. Compare to others, these three enzymes in experimental groups of different oscillation frequencies (120, 140, 160 rpm ) had significant difference（P<0.05）. The activity of alkaline phosphatase (ALP) increased with the increase of frequency, the experimental groups at 140 rpm and 160 rpm had significant difference compare with other groups (P<0.05). In conclusion, the frequency had significantly effects on S. maindroni’s survival rate. To adjust to the effect made by the frequency, the S. maindroni generated a series behaviors and physiological reactions. During the transport of S. maindroni，energy exhausted and pancreas damaged could? be the major reason of ?high death ?rate,? to solve this , the advice is that vehicle speed should below 40 km/h（100 rpm）and keep the transfer time under 3 hours. Besides, during the transport process, the strong waggle? should be avoided.