渭北黄土高原不同类型人工林的生态效益评价

[目的]构建适应渭北黄土高原人工林资源与生态服务功能特点的人工林生态效益评价方法，阐明不同类型人工林建设对该地区东部、中部、西部生态环境的影响，为准确量化与科学评估不同类型、不同区域人工林的生态服务功能，优化林分结构、制定人工林生态补偿强度标准及准确计量评估人工林碳汇，将“绿色颜值”转化为“生态价值”提供理论依据。[方法]在构建渭北黄土高原生态林、生态经济林、经济林有效面积计算模型的基础上，采用典型区域调查、测定与森林二类调查资料和计量参数等收集相结合的方法，计算分析了3种不同类型，东部、中部、西部不同区域人工林涵养水源、固碳释氧、保育土壤和净化大气的生态效益。[结果](1)渭北黄土高原不同类型人工林的生态效益为生态林>经济林>生态经济林；生态效益中涵养水源价值量最高，保育土壤与固碳释氧效益次之，净化大气的价值量最低。(2)人工林单位面积生态效益为经济林>生态林>生态经济林。(3)不同区域人工林生态效益为中部>东部>西部。[结论]生态林和经济林在生态效益中发挥着重要作用，提高它们所占比重能显著提高人工林的生态效益。为提高西部人工林生态效益，生态林应加...

Ecological Benefit Evaluation of Different Types of Artificial Forests on the Weibei-loess Plateau

[Objective] To construct ecological benefit evaluation methods adapted to the characteristics of local plantation resources and ecological services, and clarify the impacts of different types of plantation construction on the ecological environment in the eastern, central and western parts of the region. It provides a theoretical basis for accurately quantifying and scientifically evaluating the ecological service function of the plantation in different regions, optimizing the stand structure of the plantation, formulating the ecological compensation intensity standard of the plantation, accurately measuring and evaluating the carbon sink of the plantation, and transforming the "green appearance level" into "ecological value". [Methods] In the construction of the loess plateau ecological forest, ecological economic forest, economic forest of weihe effective area calculation model based on the investigation and determination of typical area and forest survey to collect data and measurement parameters, such as the method of combining calculation analysis of the different types, different regions of the eastern, central and western plantation water conservation, carbon sequestration release oxygen, conservation of soil and purify the atmosphere of ecological benefits. [Results] (1) The ecological benefits of different types of plantation in Weibei Loess Plateau were ecological forest > economic forest > ecological economic forest; The value of water conservation is the highest, the value of soil conservation and carbon fixation and oxygen release is the second, and the value of air purification is the lowest.(2) The ecological benefits per unit area of plantation were economic forest > ecological forest > ecological economic forest. (3) The ecological benefits of plantation were in the middle > East > west. [Conclusion] Ecological forest and economic forest play an important role in the ecological benefits, and increasing their proportion can significantly improve the ecological benefits of plantations. In order to improve the ecological benefits of plantations in Weibei-loess plateau, ecological forest should strengthen the transformation of sparse forest, the cultivation of virgin forest and the sealing of shrubland. At the same time, moderate development of economic forest can effectively improve the ecological benefits of artificial forest in the west and even the whole Weibei Loess Plateau.