我国典型区域农户地膜应用与回收处理行为的调查研究

地膜是我国重要的农业生产资料，其残留污染的有效防控对于促进我国农业绿色发展具有重要意义。农户是地膜残留污染防控的基本单元，其行为直接影响防控成效。本研究采用互联网发放调研问卷的方式，在我国新疆、山东和湖北3个地膜使用具有代表性的省（自治区），对农户的地膜购买、使用、回收和处理行为开展调研，共收集389份有效调查问卷；使用二元Logistic回归分析方法，进一步研究了影响农户回收与处理地膜的因素。结果表明：调研农户中有85.9%的农户地膜购买渠道为农资零售店，且购买时有68.3%的农户主要关注地膜质量，53.2%的农户关注地膜价格；调研农户中有64.5%的农户在购买地膜时通过其拉伸强度来判断质量，但只有49.5%的农户了解新国标对地膜厚度的规定。在新疆地膜主要用于棉花、瓜类和玉米，作物地膜覆盖率分别为96.3%、48.3%和96.0%；在山东地膜主要用于花生和瓜类，作物地膜覆盖率分别为72.9%和92.3%；在湖北地膜主要用于瓜类和烟草，作物地膜覆盖率分别为40.1%和100%。地膜使用的主要驱动因素为提高收入，在新疆还有增温与保水、在山东有增温、在湖北则有控草等差异化的因素。人工回收是...

Analysis of the behavior and driving forces of the application, recovery, and management of plastic mulch film by farmers in typical areas of China

Plastic mulch film is an important agricultural input in China. Effective prevention and control of residual film pollution are of great significance for promoting green agricultural development in China. Farmers are the basic unit for preventing and controlling residual film pollution. Their behaviors and decisions directly affect the effectiveness of the prevention and control of residual film pollution. Therefore, this study investigated the behavior and driving factors of farmers '' purchase, use, recycling, and treatment of plastic film in three representative provinces, i.e., Xinjiang, Shandong, and Hubei. The survey results showed that local retail was the most popular choice for purchasing plastic mulch film, and 85.9% of surveyed farmers purchased plastic mulch film from local retail. The quality and price of the plastic mulch film were the most important factors influencing their purchasing decision, as chosen by 68.3% and 53.2% of the surveyed farmers, respectively. Regarding the judgment of the quality of mulch film upon purchase, 64.5% of the surveyed farmers would base their judgment on the tensile strength of mulch film, but only 49.5% of the farmers knew about the new national standard on the thickness of mulch film. The surveyed farmers mainly used the plastic mulch film for cotton, melons, and corn, with coverage rates of 96.3%, 48.3%, and 96.0%, respectively, in Xinjiang; peanuts and melons, with coverage rates of 72.9% and 92.3%, respectively, in Shandong; and melons and tobacco, with coverage rates of 40.1% and 100%, respectively, in Hubei. In addition to increasing income, the driving factors for the use of plastic film include increasing temperature and water conservation in Xinjiang, increasing temperature in Shandong, and controlling grass in Hubei. Manual recycling was the main recycling method in the three provinces, and only 45.7% of the residual film recycling rate exceeded 80%. The main factor influencing recycling was the farmers'' awareness of the ecological environment. The surveyed farmers tended to provide the waste plastic mulch film to recycling networks, accounting for 47.8%. The impact of plastics on the environment and investment cost were the main factors affecting their treatment of residual film. The age of the farmers and household population had a significant positive impact on the farmers'' recycling behavior at the 5% level, and whether the plastic film could be exchanged for new film had a significant negative impact on farmers '' recycling behavior at the 5% level. High school or above, agricultural income, and whether they would be punished had a significant, positive impact on the farmers '' film treatment behavior at the 5% level, and whether there were recycling outlets had a significant positive impact on their film treatment behavior at the 1% level. In conclusion, agricultural material retail stores were the main purchasing channels; cotton, melons, corn, and tobacco were the main film-covered crops in the research area; manual recycling was the main recycling method; online store recycling was the main treatment method; the scientific cognition level of farmers in the three provinces regarding plastic mulch needed to be further improved; and educational background, agricultural income, supervision, and recycling outlets significantly affected farmers '' processing behavior.